Dependențe de substanțe și comportamentale.
135 de articoleThe article challenges the stereotype of alcoholism as solitary drinking, highlighting how social drinking contexts can contribute to the development of alcohol use disorder. It emphasizes the underappreciated social origins of serious alcohol problems.
Stanford Medicine specialists document increased risks of cannabis use in adults over 65, including cardiovascular problems, falls, memory impairment, drug interactions, and addiction potential. The article notes that modern cannabis potency is often underestimated by older users who may be unfamiliar with current products.
Research demonstrates that exposure to childhood trauma substantially elevates risk for problematic alcohol use, smoking, and illicit drug consumption by age 18. The study also identifies associated cardiovascular effects including changes in heart rate and blood pressure in affected adolescents.
Research demonstrates that fluctuating levels of the brain protein KCC2 influences how environmental cues become associated with rewards, affecting the speed and strength of habit development. This mechanism involving dopamine neuron firing provides insight into both normal habit formation and addictive behavior pathways, with implications for understanding cravings triggered by everyday stimuli.
This study examines agreement between adolescent self-reports and parent reports on Internet Gaming Disorder screening in 58 Japanese youth attending psychiatric clinics. While dimensional scores showed moderate correlation, parents reported significantly higher problem severity than children, with low categorical agreement on diagnostic classifications, highlighting the importance of multi-informant assessment in IGD diagnosis.
Researchers validated an operant conditioning model where mice learn to press levers for light stimulation independent of hunger or typical reward responses, providing a translational model for studying behavioral addictions and compulsive behavior patterns. Results demonstrated that response-contingent light acts as a reinforcer establishing discrimination and persistent responding, with the effect specific to green light wavelength and contingent delivery rather than non-contingent light exposure.
This study examined impulsivity and compulsivity in 79 participants (34 excessive social media users, 45 non-excessive users) using standardized neurocognitive tasks and questionnaires. Excessive users showed lower delay gratification but greater cognitive flexibility, suggesting impulsivity as a primary feature rather than compulsivity in problematic social media use.
This longitudinal study identified four trajectories of video gaming behavior from childhood to adulthood using growth mixture modeling, finding that consistently high gaming levels and early preschool gaming onset predicted greater Internet Gaming Disorder symptoms in adulthood. Results suggest early exposure to frequent gaming correlates with adult problematic gaming similar to patterns observed in substance use disorders.
This clinical trial examined whether metacognitive activation (reflective thinking about one's own cognitive abilities) improves visual planning performance in 122 alcohol-dependent men using the Porteus Maze Test. Results showed that reflective responders demonstrated better planning improvements after metacognitive activation, particularly those with initial planning difficulties, suggesting that reflective metacognitive processes may support executive function improvements in alcohol use disorder.
This study investigates how impaired executive function and deficient decision-making processes relate to the development and progression of gambling disorder symptoms in individuals who engage in online sports betting. The research explores neuropsychological factors underlying problematic gambling behavior as a behavioral addiction.
This study analyzed genetic and social factors contributing to comorbid conditions in people with substance use disorders using data from 393,596 individuals. Polygenic scores for alcohol use, cannabis use, depression, and schizophrenia were significantly associated with time to subsequent diagnoses, while social determinants like low household income showed strong associations with lifetime SUD risk.
This study validated the Turkish translation of the SSBA, a screening tool assessing both substance-related and behavioral addictions across ten dimensions. The instrument demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α=0.94) and effectively distinguished between clinical and general populations, supporting its reliability for addiction assessment in clinical and research contexts.
This review examines mGluR2 (metabotropic glutamate receptor 2) as a promising molecular target for treating alcohol use disorder, which involves dysregulated glutamatergic neurotransmission. Preclinical evidence supports that mGluR2 agonists and positive allosteric modulators can reduce alcohol-seeking behaviors by restoring glutamatergic homeostasis.
This longitudinal study of 5,172 Finnish adults with gambling disorder found high co-occurrence with mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, with bidirectional comorbidity patterns. Most psychiatric diagnoses preceded gambling disorder diagnosis by 112–2,697 days, with mood disorders more prominent in women and substance use disorders more common in men.
A Veterans Health Administration quality improvement pilot integrated behavioral health providers into hepatology clinics to engage patients with alcohol-associated liver disease in treatment. Referred patients showed significantly higher rates of evidence-based alcohol use disorder psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy within 6 months compared to non-referred patients.
This review traces how the understanding of addiction's neurobiological mechanisms has evolved across six editions of a major neuroscience textbook, from initial psychological theories to modern knowledge about dopamine, basal ganglia, and learning systems. The analysis demonstrates a conceptual shift from homeostatic models toward understanding addiction as a disorder of motivation, learning, and habit formation.
This study examined whether steroid hormones (testosterone and cortisol) measured from hair samples predict problematic pornography use in 252 men, using the dual-hormone hypothesis framework. Results showed testosterone positively associated with pornography use severity, with this effect moderated by cortisol levels—strongest at low cortisol and weakened at high cortisol.
This study examined 100 men with gambling disorder and 59 healthy controls using the Balloon Analog Risk Task and found that individuals with gambling disorder show paradoxical stronger initial loss aversion but faster decline in loss sensitivity over time. The faster-diminishing loss sensitivity was identified as a key cognitive mechanism explaining impaired risky decision-making in gambling disorder, alongside overconfident beliefs and elevated impulsiveness.
