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This study used natural language processing to analyze electronic health records from over 21,000 children with autism and/or ADHD, examining how baseline mood instability relates to mental health service use patterns. Mood instability was associated with significantly increased annual mental health service use across all diagnostic groups, with the strongest effects in ADHD alone, and reduced time to discharge specifically in the ADHD group.

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Male-Biased Social Deficits in Chd8+/R2219* Mouse Model of Autism Linked to Hippocampal Abnormalities

This preclinical study generated a CRISPR-Cas9 mouse model carrying a CHD8 mutation associated with autism risk and found that male mice exhibited greater social deficits mirroring human sex bias, alongside macrocephaly and whole-brain enlargement. MRI and functional connectivity analyses revealed that hippocampal expansion and disrupted hippocampal network connectivity specifically correlated with social deficit severity in males, establishing hippocampal pathology as a key neural substrate for sex-biased autism phenotypes.

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Endothelial Dysfunction and Neurovascular Alterations in Autism Spectrum Disorder

This scientific review examines evidence that endothelial dysfunction and vascular abnormalities contribute to autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology beyond traditional neuronal mechanisms. The chapter discusses how disturbances in blood-brain barrier integrity, angiogenesis, VEGF signaling, and prenatal/perinatal factors affecting vascular development influence neurodevelopmental outcomes and behavior in ASD.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder and Cardiovascular Risk: Frontal QRS-T Angle and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Markers in Youth

This case-control study examined 84 children/adolescents with autism and 82 healthy controls, finding that youth with autism had higher resting heart rates, wider frontal QRS-T angles on ECG, and modestly elevated systemic immune-inflammation indices compared to controls. Autism severity scores correlated with both inflammatory markers and ECG findings, suggesting a link between systemic inflammation and cardiac autonomic dysregulation in autism spectrum disorder.

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Neural Processing of Emotional Words in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study

This ERP study compared 20 youth with autism spectrum disorder (ages 8.5–17.7 years) to 20 typically developing peers during emotional word processing tasks. Results showed intact early-stage neural responses but significantly reduced late positive component activity in autistic youth during emotional word categorization, suggesting differences in top-down evaluative processing of emotions.