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Autism

Spectrul autist și particularitățile asociate.

223 de articole
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StudiuAutismÎncredere bună26.06.2026

Awareness of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Symptom Recognition Among General Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Study

This survey of 242 GPs assessed their knowledge of autism spectrum disorder symptoms, referral practices, and attitudes toward ASD etiology and treatment. While most GPs recognized core social communication symptoms, significant knowledge gaps existed regarding sensory symptoms and atypical presentations, with postgraduate ASD training associated with improved recognition competence.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună26.06.2026

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Sixth-Year Medical Students in Izmir

This cross-sectional study evaluated 748 medical students in Turkish universities using validated questionnaires to assess their knowledge about ASD and societal attitudes toward autism. Results showed that while two-thirds attended ASD training, 39.4% lacked confidence in managing suspected ASD cases, and students with prior clinical experience or personal connections to individuals with ASD demonstrated significantly better knowledge and more positive attitudes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă26.06.2026

Comparison of Video Modeling and Video-Animated Modeling for Teaching Social-Affective Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

This single-case study evaluated the effectiveness of video modeling (VM) and video-animated modeling (VAM) in teaching three social-affective behaviors (verbal/facial expressions and gestures) to 3 children aged 4-6 years with ASD. Both interventions proved effective with variable efficiency across participants, and caregivers and teachers reported positive social validity outcomes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună26.06.2026

Zinc protects cerebellar structure and reduces oxidative stress in a propionic acid-induced autism spectrum disorder rat model

This preclinical study in rats examined whether zinc supplementation could protect against cerebellar damage and behavioral impairment induced by propionic acid, a short-chain fatty acid implicated in ASD models. Zinc treatment significantly reduced Purkinje neuron degeneration, normalized glial and neuronal biomarkers, and improved anxiety-like and social interaction deficits, suggesting a potential protective mechanism through oxidative stress reduction.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună26.06.2026

Serum fatty acid-binding protein 4 as a potential biomarker for autism spectrum disorder: a comparative cross-sectional study

This study examined serum FABP4 levels in 90 children (ages 3-12) across three groups: autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and healthy controls. Results showed significantly lower FABP4 in both ASD and ID groups versus controls, with strong diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing ASD and ID from controls, but limited ability to differentiate ASD from intellectual disability.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă26.06.2026

Mealtime behaviors, diet quality and parental stress in children with autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study from Türkiye

This study of 111 Turkish families found that 94.5% of children with ASD had poor diet quality, with problematic mealtime behaviors being a strong independent predictor of lower dietary quality. While proactive parental strategies improved diet quality, accommodative practices like preparing separate meals were associated with poorer outcomes, and parents of girls with ASD reported significantly higher stress levels.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună26.06.2026

Biochemical Biomarker Profiles in Peripheral Blood of Valproic Acid-Induced Autism Model Rats Across Development

This experimental study investigated developmental changes in peripheral blood biomarkers (BDNF, neurotrophins, cytokines, serotonin) in rats with autism-like features induced prenatally using valproic acid and poly I:C. Behavioral screening confirmed autism phenotypes, and blood samples were analyzed at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age to characterize biochemical alterations.

PresăAutismÎncredere bună25.06.2026

Dogs May Bridge the Autism Drug Discovery Gap

Shank3 mutant beagles represent a potentially valuable preclinical model for autism research due to their naturally evolved social behaviors that more closely resemble human autism phenotypes than rodent models. This approach aims to address the high failure rate in translating autism drug candidates from animal studies to human clinical trials.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună25.06.2026

Maternal Exposure to Lithium in Drinking Water and Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk in Danish Offspring

A nationwide Danish case-control study examined whether prenatal maternal exposure to naturally occurring lithium in drinking water is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis in offspring, using geocoded residential addresses and water quality measurements. The research leverages biological plausibility (lithium's role in neurodevelopmental signaling pathways) and population-based registry data to evaluate this environmental exposure hypothesis.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună24.06.2026

Effect of Prior Depression Diagnosis on Bipolar Disorder Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective cohort study analyzed 5,595 Japanese patients newly diagnosed with bipolar disorder to examine whether a prior depression diagnosis and its duration affected psychiatric and all-cause hospitalization rates and mortality. Patients with prior depression history showed slightly lower all-cause hospitalization risk (HR=0.87), with duration of preceding depression (≥1 year vs <1 year) not significantly altering psychiatric hospitalization outcomes.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună23.06.2026

Autism in Schizophrenia and Its Original Link to Self-Disorder: Returning a Borrowed Concept

This academic paper traces the historical origins of the term 'autism' coined by Eugen Bleuler in 1910 to describe schizophrenia, and how the concept was later borrowed to describe autism spectrum disorder, leading to diagnostic confusion. The authors argue that autistic features in schizophrenia differ fundamentally from autism spectrum disorder—rooted in self-disorder rather than developmental autism—and propose this distinction is crucial for accurate differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Association Between Bipolar Disorder and Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Dopaminergic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

This literature review examines the association between bipolar disorder and Parkinson's disease, focusing on their shared dopaminergic dysfunction in nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways. Recent analyses and meta-analyses show increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease in bipolar disorder patients, though differentiating idiopathic from medication-induced parkinsonism requires careful evaluation including DAT scans.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Formal and Informal Care Costs Following Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury from Motor Vehicle Accidents: A Cross-Sectional Australian Study

This study compared the weekly utilization and associated costs of formal and informal care in 81 people with traumatic brain injury and 30 with spinal cord injury from motor vehicle accidents in Australia. Spinal cord injury (tetraplegia/paraplegia) required significantly higher costs for both formal and informal care, while informal care costs exceeded formal care costs for both conditions, highlighting the critical yet underacknowledged role of family caregiving in supporting recovery.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Attention and Behavioral Problems as Mediators of Internet Gaming Disorder in Youth With Family Addiction History

This study of 2,586 adolescents (ages 11-19) examined how attention problems and externalizing behaviors mediate the relationship between parental addiction history and internet gaming disorder. Higher attention and externalizing problems were significantly associated with IGD, with mediation analysis confirming these symptoms partially explain how family addiction history increases gaming disorder risk in youth.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Problematic Social Networking Site Use: Effects on Mental Health and Brain Function

Excessive social networking site use is associated with elevated rates of depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, and sleep disturbances, with preliminary neuroimaging evidence suggesting reduced gray matter in regions related to reward processing and inhibitory control. Cognitive Behavior Therapy shows promise as a short-term intervention, though more research is needed to fully understand the neurobiological mechanisms and treatment efficacy.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Mood instability and mental health service use in autism and ADHD: A natural language processing analysis of 21,906 children and adolescents

This study used natural language processing to analyze electronic health records from over 21,000 children with autism and/or ADHD, examining how baseline mood instability relates to mental health service use patterns. Mood instability was associated with significantly increased annual mental health service use across all diagnostic groups, with the strongest effects in ADHD alone, and reduced time to discharge specifically in the ADHD group.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Male-Biased Social Deficits in Chd8+/R2219* Mouse Model of Autism Linked to Hippocampal Abnormalities

This preclinical study generated a CRISPR-Cas9 mouse model carrying a CHD8 mutation associated with autism risk and found that male mice exhibited greater social deficits mirroring human sex bias, alongside macrocephaly and whole-brain enlargement. MRI and functional connectivity analyses revealed that hippocampal expansion and disrupted hippocampal network connectivity specifically correlated with social deficit severity in males, establishing hippocampal pathology as a key neural substrate for sex-biased autism phenotypes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Endothelial Dysfunction and Neurovascular Alterations in Autism Spectrum Disorder

This scientific review examines evidence that endothelial dysfunction and vascular abnormalities contribute to autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology beyond traditional neuronal mechanisms. The chapter discusses how disturbances in blood-brain barrier integrity, angiogenesis, VEGF signaling, and prenatal/perinatal factors affecting vascular development influence neurodevelopmental outcomes and behavior in ASD.