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Autism

Spectrul autist și particularitățile asociate.

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StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Association Between Bipolar Disorder and Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Dopaminergic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

This literature review examines the association between bipolar disorder and Parkinson's disease, focusing on their shared dopaminergic dysfunction in nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways. Recent analyses and meta-analyses show increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease in bipolar disorder patients, though differentiating idiopathic from medication-induced parkinsonism requires careful evaluation including DAT scans.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Structural and Metabolic Correlates of Neuropsychological Profiles in Multiple System Atrophy and Parkinson's Disease

This comparative neuroimaging study examined cognitive impairment in 11 patients with multiple system atrophy with parkinsonism (MSA-P) and 11 with Parkinson's disease using neuropsychological testing, diffusion tensor imaging, and PET imaging. Findings showed MSA-P patients had greater executive dysfunction and higher depression/anxiety scores, with specific correlations between cognitive performance and frontostriatal white matter integrity and glucose metabolism in both conditions.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Formal and Informal Care Costs Following Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury from Motor Vehicle Accidents: A Cross-Sectional Australian Study

This study compared the weekly utilization and associated costs of formal and informal care in 81 people with traumatic brain injury and 30 with spinal cord injury from motor vehicle accidents in Australia. Spinal cord injury (tetraplegia/paraplegia) required significantly higher costs for both formal and informal care, while informal care costs exceeded formal care costs for both conditions, highlighting the critical yet underacknowledged role of family caregiving in supporting recovery.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Attention and Behavioral Problems as Mediators of Internet Gaming Disorder in Youth With Family Addiction History

This study of 2,586 adolescents (ages 11-19) examined how attention problems and externalizing behaviors mediate the relationship between parental addiction history and internet gaming disorder. Higher attention and externalizing problems were significantly associated with IGD, with mediation analysis confirming these symptoms partially explain how family addiction history increases gaming disorder risk in youth.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Problematic Social Networking Site Use: Effects on Mental Health and Brain Function

Excessive social networking site use is associated with elevated rates of depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, and sleep disturbances, with preliminary neuroimaging evidence suggesting reduced gray matter in regions related to reward processing and inhibitory control. Cognitive Behavior Therapy shows promise as a short-term intervention, though more research is needed to fully understand the neurobiological mechanisms and treatment efficacy.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Mood instability and mental health service use in autism and ADHD: A natural language processing analysis of 21,906 children and adolescents

This study used natural language processing to analyze electronic health records from over 21,000 children with autism and/or ADHD, examining how baseline mood instability relates to mental health service use patterns. Mood instability was associated with significantly increased annual mental health service use across all diagnostic groups, with the strongest effects in ADHD alone, and reduced time to discharge specifically in the ADHD group.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Male-Biased Social Deficits in Chd8+/R2219* Mouse Model of Autism Linked to Hippocampal Abnormalities

This preclinical study generated a CRISPR-Cas9 mouse model carrying a CHD8 mutation associated with autism risk and found that male mice exhibited greater social deficits mirroring human sex bias, alongside macrocephaly and whole-brain enlargement. MRI and functional connectivity analyses revealed that hippocampal expansion and disrupted hippocampal network connectivity specifically correlated with social deficit severity in males, establishing hippocampal pathology as a key neural substrate for sex-biased autism phenotypes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Endothelial Dysfunction and Neurovascular Alterations in Autism Spectrum Disorder

This scientific review examines evidence that endothelial dysfunction and vascular abnormalities contribute to autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology beyond traditional neuronal mechanisms. The chapter discusses how disturbances in blood-brain barrier integrity, angiogenesis, VEGF signaling, and prenatal/perinatal factors affecting vascular development influence neurodevelopmental outcomes and behavior in ASD.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Cardiovascular Risk: Frontal QRS-T Angle and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Markers in Youth

This case-control study examined 84 children/adolescents with autism and 82 healthy controls, finding that youth with autism had higher resting heart rates, wider frontal QRS-T angles on ECG, and modestly elevated systemic immune-inflammation indices compared to controls. Autism severity scores correlated with both inflammatory markers and ECG findings, suggesting a link between systemic inflammation and cardiac autonomic dysregulation in autism spectrum disorder.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Neural Processing of Emotional Words in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study

This ERP study compared 20 youth with autism spectrum disorder (ages 8.5–17.7 years) to 20 typically developing peers during emotional word processing tasks. Results showed intact early-stage neural responses but significantly reduced late positive component activity in autistic youth during emotional word categorization, suggesting differences in top-down evaluative processing of emotions.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

The Therapeutic Engagement Index in Autism: A Research Framework for Understanding Intervention Responsiveness

This paper introduces the Therapeutic Engagement Index (TEI), a multidimensional framework for understanding why autistic children respond differently to comparable interventions by examining observable factors affecting therapeutic accessibility and engagement. TEI is proposed as a research construct—not a validated diagnostic tool or compliance measure—to identify modifiable conditions that enhance how children can access, tolerate, and benefit from therapeutic input within specific intervention contexts.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Emotion- and Region-Specific Gaze Differences in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

A study using eyetracking compared visual attention patterns in parents of children with ASD versus parents of typically developing children while viewing emotional faces. Parents of children with ASD showed selective increased attention to the mouth region specifically when viewing threat-related emotions (anger, fear), suggesting emotion- and region-specific gaze allocation differences rather than generalized attentional changes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Cocoa polyphenols mitigate valproic acid-induced autism-like phenotypes in zebrafish via metabolic and proteomic mechanisms: a pilot study

This pilot study examined whether cocoa extract containing polyphenols could reverse autism-like behavioral and gastrointestinal abnormalities induced by valproic acid exposure in zebrafish. Cocoa co-treatment ameliorated hyperactivity and gut dysfunction while normalizing key metabolic and protein markers of cellular stress.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Differentiation between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Personality Disorders: A Systematic Review

This systematic review synthesizes clinical criteria distinguishing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from Personality Disorders in adults, addressing diagnostic challenges due to overlapping characteristics. The analysis of 684 individuals across multiple databases (2020-2024) reveals significant overlap particularly between ASD and Borderline Personality Disorder, with ASD characterized by cognitive rigidity and social interpretation difficulties versus personality disorders showing emotional dysregulation patterns.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Delays: A Cross-Sectional Study

This study examined vaccine refusal rates among 154 parents of children with ASD or other developmental delays, finding that reported vaccine refusal increased from 3.9% before diagnosis to 9.7% after diagnosis, primarily driven by the false belief that vaccines caused their child's condition. The research documents the real public health harm from vaccine-autism misinformation while providing no scientific support for any vaccine-autism connection.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă21.06.2026

Epidemiological Study of Traumatic Brain and Spinal Injuries in Pediatric Patients: One-Year Analysis of Prevalence, Causes and Trends in Bulgaria

This retrospective study analyzed medical records of pediatric patients (under 18 years) admitted to a Bulgarian hospital emergency department over one year to determine prevalence, causes, and trends of traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Among 38,504 emergency department visits, 32% were children, with 0.3% hospitalized for neurosurgical conditions including TBI and SCI.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Relationship between depression and sex steroid hormones in women with epilepsy

This study investigated associations between sex steroid hormones, antiseizure medications, and depression in 112 women with epilepsy compared to 50 healthy controls, finding a 18.8% depression prevalence and significant hormonal differences including elevated testosterone and altered FSH, estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin levels. Sex steroid hormones emerge as potential biomarkers for depression risk in women with epilepsy, with implications for treatment and prognosis.