Spectrul autist și particularitățile asociate.
496 de articoleA qualitative study of 16 parents examined their views on using AI chatbots to encourage physical activity in children with autism, finding parents viewed them positively as learning tools but noted limitations in detail and terminology clarity. Parents reported needing to use repeated prompts and often required expert support alongside the chatbot guidance.
A cross-sectional study of 1,257 autistic individuals in Qatar found epilepsy in 10.7% of the cohort, with significant associations between epilepsy and developmental delays (particularly motor milestones), perinatal complications like hypoxia, and behavioral features including sleep disturbances and anxiety. The findings underscore the complex interplay between developmental, behavioral, and perinatal factors in autism-epilepsy comorbidity.
Vision plays a critical role in cognitive and social development, and visual deficits are documented in autistic children alongside communication difficulties and restricted interests. While visual function disorders occur in autism, they are not autism-specific and also appear in other neurodevelopmental conditions, making early screening and management potentially beneficial.
This cross-sectional study examined quality of life outcomes in 931 caregivers of children with ASD, ADHD, or both conditions, using the PedsQL Family Impact Module. Caregivers of children with ADHD-only reported lower stress and better communication outcomes, while those caring for children with both conditions experienced greater decision-making difficulties and other psychosocial challenges.
A longitudinal study of 2,186 Hong Kong adolescents and young adults examined the prevalence and mental health outcomes of ASD, ADHD, and comorbid presentations, finding that comorbidity was associated with psychotic-like experiences while ASD alone correlated with poorer functioning and ADHD alone with higher depression/anxiety. Specific symptom profiles (attention switching difficulties, sensory sensitivities, working memory issues) predicted different mental health outcomes at 1-year follow-up.
Sleep problems are highly prevalent in both ASD and ADHD, and can exacerbate core symptoms while increasing parental stress, necessitating proper assessment and treatment. This literature review examines the burden, pathophysiology, etiology, and evidence-based evaluation and management strategies for sleep disorders across both conditions.
This cross-sectional study compared oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 141 patients with depression or ADHD against 145 healthy controls using validated assessment tools. Patients with depression and ADHD showed significantly reduced OHRQoL scores and complex relationships between oral hygiene behaviors and health outcomes.
This study examined memory performance on the Child and Adolescent Memory Profile (ChAMP) in 146 youth with ASD (92 with co-occurring ADHD, 54 without), finding that ChAMP performance did not predict ADHD co-occurrence and showed no additive memory effects. The study sample performed better than the ChAMP manual's ASD reference sample on all measures, suggesting potential population differences in memory profiles across ASD groups.
This study compared diagnostic age and delay across ADHD-only, autism-only, and co-occurring ADHD+autism in 677 Australian children, finding that children with autism received diagnosis earlier than those with co-occurring conditions. The research highlights differences in diagnostic timing between genders and conditions, contributing to understanding of why some children experience prolonged diagnostic delays.
This cross-sectional study surveyed 642 Greek participants to assess public knowledge and attitudes toward autism spectrum disorder using the validated SATA scale, finding that respondents demonstrated good autism knowledge with women scoring significantly higher than men. The research represents the first such investigation in Greece and aims to address stigma and promote appropriate behaviors toward autistic individuals.
This RCT protocol evaluates combined structured diet and regular therapy versus usual diet plus therapy for malnourished adolescents with ASD, measuring outcomes through validated autism severity scales and nutritional markers. The study aims to determine whether integrated nutrition and therapeutic approaches improve disease severity, health status, and behavioral outcomes in ASD populations.
A 14-week family-based judo intervention with 18 autistic youth showed significant improvements in sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and wake after sleep onset as measured by actigraphy, though total sleep duration remained unchanged. The authors conclude judo may benefit sleep quality in autistic youth but acknowledge further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms.
This systematic review protocol aims to synthesize qualitative studies exploring the experiences of neurotypical siblings of people with autism spectrum disorder, examining both positive outcomes (empathy development, coping skills) and challenges (bullying, lack of support). The review will search multiple databases using JBI methodology with no restrictions on age, gender, or country, focusing on understanding how ASD in a sibling affects family relationships and sibling wellbeing.
This editorial examines how autism spectrum disorder involves complex interactions between multiple genetic variations and environmental factors rather than single-gene mutations. The authors discuss how polygenic predisposition combined with prenatal environmental factors may contribute to autism development in most cases.
This study examined hopelessness symptoms and resilience in 448 parents of children with autism using validated psychological scales and network analysis, finding that specific hopelessness symptoms like pessimism about the future operate as central nodes differently for mothers versus fathers. Results suggest that expectancy of success is directly associated with resilience across all parent groups, with potential implications for targeted mental health interventions.
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) causes mTOR pathway overactivation leading to autism, epilepsy, and intellectual disability; early biomarkers can identify at-risk infants before symptom onset. Early intervention targeting seizures and developmental delays during sensitive periods may help mitigate autistic symptoms in TSC-affected children.
This article examines overlapping features between autism spectrum disorder and personality disorder in adolescents, particularly females, using ICD-11 diagnostic criteria. The research discusses how autistic individuals may employ camouflaging strategies that mimic personality disorder traits, and proposes clinical guidance principles to help practitioners distinguish between these diagnoses.
This cross-sectional study of 475 Chinese parents examined factors predicting posttraumatic growth following their child's autism diagnosis, finding that deliberate rumination, subjective social support, household income, and perceived daily living skills deficiencies significantly predicted PTG outcomes. The findings suggest psychosocial interventions targeting rumination patterns and social support may help parents of newly diagnosed autistic children experience positive psychological growth.