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Epilepsie

Crize epileptice și managementul lor.

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StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Anti-seizure Medication Prescription Patterns in German Adults with Epilepsy: A Population-Based Retrospective Analysis (2018-2022)

This retrospective analysis examined anti-seizure medication (ASM) initiation and switching patterns in German epilepsy patients using statutory health insurance data from 2018-2022. Results showed over one-third of patients experienced delayed initial ASM prescription, levetiracetam remained the most commonly prescribed agent, and patients typically remained on first regimens for extended periods with inter-regimen switches averaging over 300 days.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Knowledge and Attitudes of Teachers and School Professionals Toward Epilepsy: Results of an Educational Program in Greece

This quasi-experimental study evaluated an educational program designed to improve epilepsy knowledge and attitudes among 471 primary school teachers in Western Greece, addressing documented gaps in seizure management understanding and stigmatizing beliefs. The intervention targeted common misconceptions and practical seizure response skills, with pre-post assessment measuring changes in teacher knowledge and attitudes.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

MuGEP: Multiplex Graph-Based Brain Network Modeling for Epileptic Seizure Prediction Using Intracranial EEG

This research proposes MuGEP, a graph neural network framework that models diverse brain network relationships from intracranial EEG signals to improve seizure prediction accuracy. The method represents frequency band interactions across channels using multiplex graphs inspired by cross-frequency coupling in neuroscience, enabling more comprehensive analysis of epileptogenic brain networks.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Translational Biomarker in Early-Phase Anti-Seizure Medication Development: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study in Generalized Epilepsy

This double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with electromyography and electroencephalography as biomarkers for assessing anti-seizure medication effects in 26 patients with generalized epilepsy. Levetiracetam significantly reduced cortical excitability markers (reduced motor-evoked potentials, enhanced intracortical inhibition, increased gamma/beta power), suggesting TMS-derived measures are valid translational biomarkers for early-phase drug development and treatment-resistant epilepsy.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Glymphatic system dysfunction in epilepsy: mechanisms and clinical evidence

The glymphatic system, a cerebrospinal fluid-based waste clearance pathway, may be impaired in epilepsy due to seizure-induced neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier disruption, potentially contributing to seizure generation. DTI-ALPS imaging demonstrates reduced glymphatic function in epilepsy patients, with greater impairment correlating with age, disease duration, cognitive decline, and drug resistance.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Privacy-Preserving Federated Spatiotemporal Dynamic Graph Neural Network Framework for Epileptic Seizure Prediction

This paper proposes a federated learning framework for epilepsy seizure prediction that addresses privacy concerns and data-sharing constraints in clinical environments. The approach uses dynamic graph neural networks to model the time-varying topological characteristics of EEG signals, improving upon traditional static modeling methods that fail to capture high-order nonlinear correlations in brain functional networks.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Combined TRPM4/NMDA Receptor and Extrasynaptic NMDA Inhibition as Therapeutic Target for Seizure Suppression and Cognitive Improvement in Epilepsy

This preclinical study investigates the effects of various NMDA receptor modulators and channel inhibitors on seizure frequency and cognitive function in a genetic rat epilepsy model with comorbid cognitive impairment. Combination treatments, particularly memantine with FP802, showed promise in reducing seizures while improving mood-related behaviors and restoring abnormal glutamate/glutamatergic signaling patterns.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Pregnancy and Epileptic Seizures in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis

This retrospective study of 48 pregnant women presenting to the emergency department with generalized tonic-clonic seizures found that 69% had pre-existing epilepsy and 58% were on antiseizure medications, with levetiracetam being most common. Management addressed diagnostic complexity between epilepsy and eclampsia, with seizure control achieved through appropriate medications including magnesium sulfate in suspected eclampsia cases.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

EEG Findings in Emergency Department Patients with Altered Mental Status

Retrospective study of 112 emergency department patients presenting with altered mental status who underwent EEG, finding that 8.9% had seizures on EEG, with 60% being subclinical (lacking clinical manifestations). The study demonstrates that nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is an important but often unrecognized cause of altered mental status requiring emergent EEG evaluation.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Phase 2A Trial of ES-481, a Novel AMPA Receptor Antagonist, for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluated ES-481, a selective TARP-γ8-dependent AMPA receptor antagonist, as an add-on therapy in 22 adults with drug-resistant epilepsy across Australian epilepsy centers. At the highest dose (75 mg twice daily), ES-481 showed 80% improvement in seizure frequency compared to 49% with placebo, with safety and tolerability assessments conducted alongside pharmacokinetic analysis.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Systematic Review of Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Epileptic Seizure Onset Early Warning: Towards Responsible Artificial Intelligence

This systematic review examines explainable AI applications for early warning of epileptic seizures, evaluating 26 studies published 2019-2024 against responsible AI principles. The analysis identifies transparency and explainability as high-risk domains, highlighting current challenges in ensuring safety and accountability of AI-based seizure prediction systems.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Anti-Seizure Medication Risk Profiles in Childbearing-Age Women with Epilepsy in a Taenia solium Endemic Region

This population-based study examined anti-seizure medication prescribing patterns among 685 women of childbearing age with epilepsy in Peru, where neurocysticercosis is highly prevalent. The research found that most patients received medications with possible or inadequate teratogenic data, while 12.8% received established high-risk medications like valproic acid, highlighting treatment challenges in resource-limited endemic regions.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Burn injuries in patients with epilepsy: A narrative review

This systematic review of 21 studies involving 1,515 patients examines burn injuries secondary to seizures in people with epilepsy, predominantly from low- and middle-income countries. The research identifies scalds and flame burns during routine activities (cooking, bathing) as most common, predominantly affecting young adults and women, with generalised tonic-clonic seizures as the primary type, noting medication non-adherence as a significant risk factor and severe outcomes including amputations, extended hospitalizations (5-69 days), and mortality rates reaching 40% in some cohorts.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Epilepsy and Alzheimer Disease: Epidemiologic, Clinical, Molecular, and Neuropathologic Convergences and Divergences

This review examines the reciprocal relationship between epilepsy and Alzheimer disease, noting that seizures are more common in AD patients while epilepsy patients show higher cognitive decline and dementia risk. The analysis identifies shared risk factors (genetic variants, vascular disease, sleep disorders), overlapping brain regions and neuropathologic features, and common mechanistic challenges including neuroinflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and biomarker identification.