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Epilepsie

Crize epileptice și managementul lor.

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StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

EEG Practices and Anti-Seizure Medication Discontinuation in Epilepsy: Eastern Mediterranean Regional Survey

A cross-sectional survey of 73 neurologists in the Eastern Mediterranean region examined clinical practices for discontinuing anti-seizure medications in people with epilepsy, finding that most clinicians require at least two years of seizure freedom before withdrawal. Key decision factors included epilepsy etiology, seizure-free duration, and EEG findings, though significant variability existed in tapering strategies and post-weaning monitoring protocols.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Aberrant Potassium Handling by Astrocytes and Epileptic Seizures: A Synthetic Update

This review examines how impaired potassium clearance by astrocytes contributes to temporal lobe epilepsy, focusing on dysfunctional ion channels and transporters including Kir4.1, aquaporin 4, and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase. The analysis integrates molecular mechanisms underlying seizure induction and propagation related to extracellular potassium accumulation in epileptic brain tissue.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Therapeutic Choices After First Seizure in Mali: Mixed-Methods Analysis of Healthcare-Seeking Determinants

This mixed-methods study analyzed how people with epilepsy in Mali choose between conventional and traditional medicine pathways after an initial seizure, examining sociocultural and economic factors influencing treatment decisions. Among 87 EEG-confirmed epilepsy patients (mean age 20 years), most had symptomatic epilepsy linked to birth complications, head trauma, and stroke, with therapeutic choices shaped by contextual determinants in Sub-Saharan Africa.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Impact of Valproate Discontinuation on Seizure Control in Women of Reproductive Age

This retrospective study analyzed 69 women with epilepsy who were seizure-free on valproic acid, comparing outcomes in those who switched to alternative anti-seizure medications versus those who continued valproate. Switching resulted in seizure recurrence in 55.55% of patients at 12-month follow-up, while teratogenicity complications occurred in 5.88% of those continuing valproate at higher doses.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Diagnosing Epilepsy using Entropy Measures and Embedding Parameters of EEG Signals

This study evaluated various entropy measures and embedding parameters applied to EEG signals to develop an automated classification system for distinguishing epileptic patients from healthy controls. Results showed that sample entropy, norm entropy, and several other measures achieved 97-100% classification accuracy using linear discriminant analysis, with robustness tested against noise.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Epilepsy seizure prediction based on ViT-2DCNN spatio-temporal fusion model

This study presents a machine learning model combining Vision Transformer and 2D convolutional neural networks to predict epileptic seizures using EEG data with spatial and time-frequency information. The model achieved high accuracy (97.95%) on a public dataset by integrating electrode topology and brain complexity patterns to distinguish between preictal and interictal states.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Interpretable Machine Learning to Predict Diagnostic Yield of Emergency EEG in Altered Consciousness and Seizure Evaluation: The EMINENCE Study

This retrospective study applied machine learning models (Random Forest and XGBoost) to 1,018 emergency department patients to predict whether EEG would show abnormal or epileptiform activity and confirm/rule out initial diagnostic suspicions. Models achieved good performance (AUC 0.79–0.84) and used interpretable methods (SHAP) to identify key clinical predictors for guiding appropriate EEG use in acute settings.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Improved Hybrid Deep Convolutional Attention Neural Networks with Fibroblast Optimization for Automated Epileptic Seizure Detection in EEG Signals

This study proposes an advanced machine learning architecture combining deep convolutional neural networks with graph attention mechanisms and fibroblast optimization algorithms for detecting epileptic seizures from EEG signals. The method uses preprocessing and feature extraction techniques to reduce noise and capture time-frequency characteristics, aiming to improve accuracy and generalization over traditional approaches.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

DBTR-AGF: A Dual-Branch Transformer-Recurrent Network with Adaptive Gating for Epileptic Seizure Prediction

This study presents DBTR-AGF, a deep learning architecture combining temporal and spectral EEG analysis branches with adaptive fusion for predicting epileptic seizures. On the CHB-MIT dataset using leave-one-subject-out validation, the model achieved 99.02% accuracy with a 0.12/h false-positive rate and maintained robust performance even with reduced training data.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Reconstruction and validation of a short version of the scale for suspicion of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in a Japanese cohort

This study validates a shortened diagnostic scale (SS-PNES-short) for identifying functional/dissociative seizures in Japanese patients, reducing the original 15-item scale to 6 items organized into 'emotional stress' and 'psychiatric characteristics' factors. The tool demonstrates acceptable sensitivity but low specificity, with the authors noting that nearly 40% of patients with epilepsy-only seizures were incorrectly identified as having functional seizures, suggesting need for additional epilepsy-specific diagnostic criteria.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Prolonged Ictal and Post-ictal Central Apnea in an Epileptic Seizure

This case report documents a clinical observation of central apnea (cessation of breathing) occurring during and after an epileptic seizure in a patient with epilepsy. The case highlights a potentially serious but underrecognized respiratory complication of seizures that requires appropriate medical monitoring and intervention.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

CACNA2D2 rs56287038:G>T and SCN1A rs2298771:C>T Variants Associated with Anti-Seizure Medication Response in Turkish Epilepsy Patients: A Pilot Study

This pilot study used targeted next-generation sequencing to analyze genetic variants in ion channel genes (CACNA2D2, SCN1A, SCN1B) in 29 Turkish epilepsy patients and their association with anti-seizure medication responsiveness. Key findings include the SCN1A rs2298771 TT genotype being associated with improved medication response and the CACNA2D2 rs56287038 T allele found exclusively in drug-resistant patients.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Dual-Cross Tri-Level Routing Transformer Based Metric Learning Network for Epileptic Seizure Prediction Using Single-Channel iEEG

This paper presents DC-TRT-MLNet, a deep learning model designed to predict epileptic seizures from single-channel intracranial EEG recordings for closed-loop brain stimulation therapies. The approach uses graph attention networks and transformer architectures to capture temporal and spectral dependencies while employing metric learning to distinguish pre-seizure states from normal brain activity.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Deep Learning-Based Epileptic Seizure Detection from EEG and PPG Signals Using LSTM and CNN Models

This study presents a hybrid deep learning framework combining CNNs and LSTMs for automated seizure detection using both EEG and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals, leveraging complementary physiological information from both modalities. The approach addresses limitations of EEG-only monitoring by incorporating autonomic nervous system markers and heart rate variability changes to improve detection accuracy in subtle or ambiguous seizure cases.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Guidance for People with Epilepsy Participating in Sport and Exercise: A Narrative Review

This narrative review systematically examined publicly available documents and policies from national and international organizations published after 2016 regarding safe sport and exercise participation for people with epilepsy. The analysis identified recommendations across four themes for the general public and three themes for sports professionals, though only a quarter of reviewed documents specifically addressed the needs of individuals with comorbid intellectual disability or other neurological conditions.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Service evaluation of functional seizure recognition and management in a UK ambulance service

This survey of 96 ambulance staff from a UK NHS trust found that while paramedics frequently encounter functional seizures (82% report at least monthly presentations), 66% had received no formal training in recognizing or managing this condition. Despite high confidence levels among staff, the study reveals gaps in education and understanding of functional neurological disorders in pre-hospital care settings.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy as a Natural Animal Model for Human Epilepsy: A Scoping Review of Metabolic Perspectives

This scoping review examines canine idiopathic epilepsy as a naturally occurring model for human epilepsy, systematically synthesizing evidence on metabolic, immune, and microbiome alterations in affected dogs compared to healthy controls. The analysis covers multiple functional domains including amino acid/lipid metabolism, neurotransmission, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut-brain axis pathways to identify translational relevance for human epilepsy research.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Disparities in epilepsy care: The role of provider decision-making.

This study analyzed over 17,000 clinic visits at a major epilepsy center to examine whether provider management decisions for seizures varied by patient race. Results showed Black patients were significantly more likely to be referred to epilepsy monitoring units after seizures compared to White patients, suggesting potential racial disparities in clinical decision-making despite controlling for seizure severity and socioeconomic factors.