Dependențe de substanțe și comportamentale.
137 de articoleThis editorial discusses the neurobiological basis of addiction, examining how brain mechanisms underlying addictive behaviors inform clinical treatment approaches. It integrates neuroscience research with practical clinical applications to improve understanding and management of addiction disorders.
This longitudinal study of 5,611 young Swiss men found that behavioural addictions (gambling, gaming, internet use, pornography use, smartphone use, work addiction) at age 25 were significantly associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts by age 28. The associations remained significant even after accounting for substance use disorders, other mental health problems, and psychological distress, suggesting behavioural addictions represent an independent suicide risk factor.
This study compared 165 video gamers and 130 gamblers in Ecuador using standardized impulsivity and compulsivity measures, finding that gambling-related compulsivity is more strongly linked to executive dysfunction and positive-affect urgency, while gaming compulsivity relates more to negative urgency and distress regulation problems. The findings suggest that behavioral addictions may require tailored interventions based on distinct emotional and cognitive profiles rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.
This narrative review examines problematic use of generative AI chatbots (PUGAIC), exploring epidemiology, risk factors, and proposed mechanisms such as emotional attachment and parasocial dynamics in vulnerable individuals. The authors emphasize that while preliminary evidence suggests addiction-like behaviors may emerge, current data remains limited and cross-sectional, with unclear diagnostic boundaries and validation gaps in measurement tools.
This scoping review synthesizes 36 empirical studies to map patterns of substance use in individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder and Gaming Disorder as defined by DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria. Findings reveal high co-occurrence of gaming disorder and substance use, particularly in adolescents and young adults, with examination of underlying mechanisms and moderating factors.
This systematic review examined 12 studies evaluating virtual reality and augmented reality-based interventions for preventing and treating gambling disorder and gaming disorder. Results showed these immersive technologies effectively reduced craving, anxiety, symptom severity, and addictive behaviors while improving self-regulation and coping skills.
This study examined cognitive and emotional empathy in 25 people with gambling disorder, comparing them to 25 recently detoxified individuals with alcohol use disorder and 25 healthy controls using standardized empathy measures. Results revealed that gambling disorder was associated with impaired cognitive empathy but intact emotional empathy, differing from the empathy profile observed in alcohol use disorder.
Gambling disorder is a behavioral addiction with increasing prevalence, particularly affecting men but with rising rates in women, and is often underdiagnosed despite significant disability. Treatment approaches include pharmacologic interventions (naltrexone, olanzapine) for symptom reduction and psychotherapies such as cognitive behavior therapy and motivational interviewing, with support groups providing adjunctive benefit, though long-term effectiveness requires further research.
This systematic review examined 20 studies on medication treatments for online behavioral addictions, finding preliminary evidence supporting bupropion, SSRIs, and opioid receptor antagonists for symptom reduction. The authors note significant limitations including small sample sizes, few randomized controlled trials, and short follow-up periods, emphasizing the need for future research on combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy approaches.
This paper discusses how animal models using conditioning paradigms have elucidated drug and gambling addiction mechanisms, but notes the absence of validated animal models for internet gaming disorder. The authors propose enhancing existing touchscreen paradigms with non-food reinforcement methods to better understand how behavioral persistence develops independently of traditional reward systems.
This systematic review analyzed 32 neuroimaging studies examining how individuals with addictive behaviors process addiction-related cues using event-related potentials (ERP). Meta-analyses found that people with addictive behaviors show significantly larger late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes when viewing addiction-related cues compared to control cues and control participants, supporting neurobiological models of addiction-related attention and motivation.