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This systematic review evaluates how different antidepressant classes affect insulin resistance, a metabolic complication common in depression. Tricyclic antidepressants (nortriptyline, amitriptyline, imipramine) worsen insulin sensitivity, while SSRIs and SNRIs appear metabolically neutral; bupropion and agomelatine show potential metabolic benefits in diabetic patients.
This review examines animal-assisted therapy (AAT), particularly canine-assisted programs, as a non-pharmacological intervention for depression and cognitive decline in older Korean adults. Evidence shows AAT reduces depression through emotional bonding and social interaction while improving cognitive functions like attention and memory, with effects measured using validated geriatric assessment tools.
This study tested a machine learning model combining 34 serum and urine biomarkers to objectively diagnose major depressive disorder in 160 patients and 120 controls. The biomarker diagnostic model achieved good internal discrimination (AUC 0.81) but showed moderate performance in internal-external validation (AUC 0.62-0.72), suggesting potential clinical utility pending further validation.
A longitudinal fMRI study tracked 48 patients with major depressive disorder over 8 weeks to identify neural biomarkers of treatment response, finding differential amygdala-supplementary motor area connectivity patterns between those who remitted versus those who did not respond to antidepressants. While baseline connectivity correlated with treatment outcomes and normalized with successful treatment, the findings require replication as they did not survive multiple comparisons correction.
This systematic scoping review synthesized evidence from 46 studies (2014–2024) on associations between hormonal contraceptive use and psychiatric outcomes. Meta-analysis found small but statistically significant increases in depressive symptoms with progestin-only methods (RR=1.24) and inconsistent evidence for anxiety and suicidality, with high heterogeneity across studies highlighting the need for individual risk assessment.