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Autism

Spectrul autist și particularitățile asociate.

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StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Reflection on the Future of Autism Research: The Continuum Hypothesis

This paper proposes that autism may represent one branch within a broader tree of neurodevelopmental disorders rather than a distinct category, based on evidence of phenotypic and genetic overlap with ADHD, schizophrenia spectrum, and bipolar disorders. The author suggests organizing these conditions under three unifying frameworks: Global Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Extreme Sensitivity to the Environment Syndrome, and Neurotransmission Systems Dysfunction Disorder.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Occupational Therapy Observation Tool-Adjustment Support Details for Autistic Children: Content Validity and Clinical Utility Investigation

This study evaluated the validity and clinical usefulness of the OTOT-ASD, an 18-item tool designed to document autism-related behaviours and testing accommodations for autistic children during standardised assessments. Seventy-one occupational therapists participated, with over 96% agreeing documentation is important, though less than 45% had adequate resources to use such tools in practice.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Genetic Relationship Between the Immune System and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Traits

This genome-wide association study examined genetic correlations between autism spectrum disorder and 11 immune conditions/markers, finding ASD positively correlated with allergic diseases and negatively correlated with certain autoimmune conditions. Polygenic scores derived from immune phenotypes were tested against autistic-like trait measures in a population sample to identify specific genetic pathways linking immune function to autism-related characteristics.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Postsecondary Education Preparation for Transition-Aged Youth with Intellectual Disability and Autism: Analysis of National Longitudinal Transition Study 2012

This study analyzed national longitudinal data to examine how youth with autism and intellectual disability are prepared for postsecondary education and whether their preparation differs from peers. Findings revealed minimal differences between autism groups but significant gaps compared to other student populations in accessing key preparation activities.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Parental Concerns About Social-Emotional Reciprocity and ASD Diagnosis in Children

This study examined how parental concerns align with autism spectrum disorder diagnoses in 80 children by analyzing free-text descriptions from diagnostic interviews. Parents of children diagnosed with ASD were four times more likely to report deficits in social-emotional reciprocity compared to parents of non-diagnosed peers, highlighting this as a significant diagnostic predictor.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Risk of psychosis in autism spectrum disorder individuals exposed to psychosocial stressors: A 9-year chart review study

This 9-year chart review compared 69 autistic adolescents hospitalized for psychotic/manic symptoms versus other mental health issues, examining prior psychosocial stressor exposure using validated diagnostic criteria. Autistic individuals presenting with psychotic symptoms had significantly higher rates of prior adverse life events, school/work difficulties, and family disturbances compared to controls.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Sleep Problems in Children with Autism and ADHD: A Comparative Study of Effects on Communication Skills

This comparative study examined sleep disturbances in 122 children (ages 7-12) across three groups: typically developing, ASD, and ADHD, finding that both clinical groups experienced significantly more sleep disorders than controls, with ADHD showing greater sleep breathing problems. Sleep difficulties partially mediated the relationship between symptom severity and communication skills in both ASD and ADHD groups, suggesting sleep assessment is important when evaluating communication in these conditions.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

A Comprehensive Analysis of AI-Based Approaches for Autism Detection and Classification

This review examines the application of artificial intelligence in early autism detection across multiple modalities including eye tracking, facial expression analysis, motor skill assessment, and neuroimaging (MRI/fMRI/EEG). The paper synthesizes recent advances in AI-based autism classification while discussing both successes and challenges in implementing these technologies for improved early identification and intervention outcomes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Intellectual, Adaptive, and Behavioral Functioning Associated with Designated Levels of Support in Autistic Children

This study analyzed standardized assessment outcomes for 136 autistic children to identify factors influencing clinician-assigned support levels for social communication and restricted/repetitive behaviors in DSM-5-TR diagnosis. Results showed consistent associations between support level designation and intellectual functioning, adaptive skills, autism symptom severity, and age, but not sex.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Autism Spectrum Disorder in the US: Have We Done Enough?

This article examines major systemic challenges in autism care across the United States, including inconsistent diagnosis/referral practices, unequal access to trained ABA therapists, and gaps in transition services for adults. It proposes strategies to address these healthcare delivery and support system deficiencies based on current epidemiological data.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Gait Abnormalities in Children with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome

This study compared gait abnormalities in 67 children across three groups: Phelan-McDermid syndrome, idiopathic autism spectrum disorder, and typically developing controls, using a standardized gait observation scale. Results showed significantly higher prevalence of gait abnormalities in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (55-94%) compared to other groups, with correlations between gait abnormalities and intellectual functioning.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Trends in a Coastal English Community (1952-2022)

This epidemiological study examined autism diagnoses among patients in Fleetwood GP practices over 70 years, finding an upward diagnostic trend over the past two decades consistent with UK-wide patterns. The researchers attribute the increase primarily to improved awareness and diagnostic practices rather than true prevalence changes, and note that sex differences in diagnoses become less pronounced when accounting for temporal trends.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Interpretations of Meaningful and Ambiguous Hand Gestures in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Norming Study

This study created a database of 162 gesture videos rated for meaningfulness by 40 autistic and 40 non-autistic adults, finding correlations above 0.90 between groups' ratings, indicating strong agreement. Autistic raters produced more varied verbal labels but equivalent semantic understanding, suggesting differences occur at lexical rather than conceptual levels.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Strategic Social Decision Making in Typically Developing and Autistic Early Adolescents

A study comparing 48 typically developing and 56 autistic children (ages 8-12) found both groups adapted their trust-based cooperation similarly, but differed in how age and social skills influenced behavior—with social skills predicting TD children's behavior more strongly, while age was a stronger predictor in autistic children. Computational modeling revealed autistic children had lower prior beliefs about others' trustworthiness compared to TD peers, with this difference correlating to social skill levels.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Reducing Sensory Overstimulation in Emergency Departments: Strategies from Autistic Adults and Caregivers

This qualitative study collected input from 44 autistic adults and caregivers of autistic children about sensory challenges during emergency department visits and practical accommodations across visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, and proprioceptive domains. Key findings emphasize that clinicians should ask patients about sensory preferences before providing care, and implement evidence-based sensory-friendly design strategies to reduce escalation of care.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

The Diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified: A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic review examines PDD-NOS, a subthreshold autism diagnosis from DSM-IV that was incorporated into the broader autism spectrum disorder category in DSM-5. The analysis of 23 peer-reviewed articles identified diagnostic inconsistencies, differential diagnostic challenges, prognostic variability, and comorbidity patterns, concluding that the consolidation of PDD-NOS into the autism spectrum framework in DSM-5 was appropriate.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Maternal separation stress triggers neuro-immune response in hippocampus, inducing autistic-like behaviors in male mice

This study examined how early-life maternal separation stress in mice activates neuroinflammatory pathways in the hippocampus, leading to autism-like behavioral changes including social deficits and repetitive behaviors. Molecular analysis showed increased expression of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR4, HMGB1, NLRP3) in the hippocampi of separated mice, suggesting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway may mediate stress-induced autistic-like phenotypes.