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Autism

Spectrul autist și particularitățile asociate.

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StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Atypical Scene-Selectivity in the Retrosplenial Complex in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

This fMRI study found that individuals with autism show reduced scene-selectivity in the retrosplenial complex (RSC)—a brain region involved in map-based navigation—compared to typically developing controls, while the occipital place area showed no group differences. The findings suggest that impaired memory-guided navigation abilities in autistic individuals may stem from atypical RSC functioning.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Is it still autism? The increasing broadening of the autism spectrum.

This paper questions the expanding diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder, arguing that growing reports of subthreshold autism and autistic traits may reflect misdiagnosis of overlapping psychiatric conditions rather than true autism. The authors contend that single autistic symptoms lack syndromic specificity and can appear in communication disorders, schizophrenia, and OCD, and suggest some traits attributed to autism may instead reflect personality dimensions.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Metformin as Adjunctive Treatment for Irritability in Children with Autism: A Randomized Controlled Trial

A 10-week double-blind trial tested metformin (500mg daily) combined with risperidone versus risperidone alone in 55 children with autism, measuring irritability and behavioral symptoms using standardized assessments. Metformin showed significant improvements in irritability and some behavioral subscales compared to placebo, with no safety concerns reported.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Oral health care concerns among autism patients: A review

Autism spectrum disorder affects neuromuscular coordination, leading to various oral health complications including poor orofacial dynamics and dental manifestations. The review examines known oral health issues in autistic individuals and discusses evidence-based approaches to maintain dental health across different intervention levels.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Prenatal Hyperandrogen Exposure Impairs Hippocampal Development and Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Offspring Through Nr4a2 Dysregulation

This study demonstrates that excessive prenatal dihydrotestosterone (DHT) exposure in mice impairs neuronal development and dendritic spine formation, producing autism-like behavioral changes. The research identifies Nr4a2 as a key molecular mediator and shows that Nr4a2 overexpression and amodiaquine treatment can reverse these adverse effects, offering insight into prenatal androgens as a potential risk factor for ASD.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Copper Imbalance in Autism: Mechanistic Study Using Valproic Acid Mouse Model

This study investigates abnormal copper levels in brain regions of a valproic acid-induced autism mouse model, finding elevated copper ions and altered copper metabolism proteins in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, cerebellum, and hippocampus. Brain metabolite analysis revealed dysregulation of dopamine, serotonin, and glutathione, suggesting copper imbalance may affect neurotransmitter signaling pathways.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Autism Service Utilization: The Role of Parental Stigma

This study examined whether autism-related stigma experienced by parents from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds contributes to documented disparities in service utilization among autistic children. Analysis of 764 US parents revealed that while some racial/ethnic differences in stigma and service engagement exist, socioeconomic factors appear more influential than stigma alone in explaining service utilization gaps, with notable variation by racial/ethnic group.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Adaptive and Behavioral Profiles in Down Syndrome with Co-Occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case-Control Study

This study compared children and adolescents with both Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to those with Down syndrome alone, matched on age, sex, and IQ level. The ASD group showed significantly lower adaptive skills and higher rates of stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests, suggesting these features may help distinguish co-occurring ASD in Down syndrome populations despite overlapping behavioral traits.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Autistic-like social communication disorders and sensory profile in visually impaired children: Similarity and divergence with autism spectrum disorders

This comparative study analyzed sensory profiles and ASD-related behaviors in 109 children across three groups (visually impaired, typically developing, and autistic) using parent-reported Sensory Profile and Social Communication Questionnaire assessments. Results indicated that visually impaired children showed elevated risk for ASD-like signs and that sensory profile assessment may help identify such risk in this population.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Quality of life of primary caregivers of autistic children: Structural equation modeling

This cross-sectional study of 392 caregivers in Saudi Arabia examined how autism severity affects caregiver quality of life through coping strategies, family functioning, and social support using structural equation modeling. Results confirmed that maladaptive coping, poor family functioning, and low perceived social support partially mediate the relationship between ASD severity and caregiver QoL, supporting targeted interventions.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Models for Autism Spectrum Disorder Drug Discovery

This review examines the use of human pluripotent stem cell-derived 2D and 3D neural models as tools for understanding autism spectrum disorder mechanisms and identifying potential pharmacological treatments. These models allow researchers to recapitulate early human brain development and enable patient-specific investigations, with promise for advancing precision medicine approaches to ASD therapy.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Identification of autism spectrum disorder using electroencephalography and machine learning: a review

This review examines the integration of electroencephalography (EEG), machine learning, and statistical analysis as tools for improving the early identification of autism spectrum disorder. The paper compares EEG datasets, preprocessing techniques, feature extraction methods, and classification models while identifying research gaps and future directions in ASD diagnosis.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

VR Dialogues: Using Virtual Reality to Improve Communication Between Autistic Adolescents and Special Education Teachers

This study evaluated a custom VR application designed to facilitate communication about sensitive topics between autistic adolescents and their teachers, featuring interactive activities like games and avatar customization. Results from two sessions with one autistic participant suggest VR environments may provide a useful communicative space, though the pilot scale is too small to draw broad conclusions.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună17.06.2026

Profiling of Activated Monocyte Populations in Autism and Associations with Increased Severity and Comorbid Behaviors

This study examined circulating monocyte activation markers in 77 children with autism and 49 typically developing controls, finding significantly increased CD137+ monocytes in the ASD group associated with greater behavioral impairments. Non-classical monocytes were linked to worse behaviors in both ASD and control populations, suggesting immune activation may correlate with autism severity.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Peer-Mediated Social Skills Interventions for Autistic Primary School Children: A Systematic Review Using the ICF Bio-Psycho-Social Model

This systematic review examined 24 studies on peer-mediated interventions for autistic children aged 6-12, finding most interventions effective for social skills development but noting only 5 included follow-up assessments with mixed results. The analysis evaluates how well these interventions align with the ICF bio-psycho-social model and suggests that explicitly incorporating individual-environment interaction perspectives could improve intervention effectiveness.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Visual Attention Modulates Mu Suppression During Biological Motion Perception in Autistic Individuals

This study examined the relationship between visual attention and mirror neuron activity (mu suppression) in autistic and neurotypical children watching biological motion videos while recording eye movements and brain activity. Results showed both groups demonstrated mu suppression during motion observation, but neurotypical children exhibited greater visual attention, with fixation time negatively correlated with mu suppression in both groups.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă17.06.2026

Teaching Scientific Evidence Evaluation and Research Advocacy in Autism Spectrum Disorder Education

This educational framework uses autism-related topics to teach students critical analysis of scientific research, including examination of the retracted Wakefield study and its fraudulent vaccine-autism claims. Students also engage in role-playing to understand research funding decisions, neurodiversity perspectives, and how evidence-based advocacy shapes ASD research priorities.