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Autism

Spectrul autist și particularitățile asociate.

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StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Formal and Informal Care Costs Following Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury from Motor Vehicle Accidents: A Cross-Sectional Australian Study

This study compared the weekly utilization and associated costs of formal and informal care in 81 people with traumatic brain injury and 30 with spinal cord injury from motor vehicle accidents in Australia. Spinal cord injury (tetraplegia/paraplegia) required significantly higher costs for both formal and informal care, while informal care costs exceeded formal care costs for both conditions, highlighting the critical yet underacknowledged role of family caregiving in supporting recovery.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Problematic Social Networking Site Use: Effects on Mental Health and Brain Function

Excessive social networking site use is associated with elevated rates of depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, and sleep disturbances, with preliminary neuroimaging evidence suggesting reduced gray matter in regions related to reward processing and inhibitory control. Cognitive Behavior Therapy shows promise as a short-term intervention, though more research is needed to fully understand the neurobiological mechanisms and treatment efficacy.

StudiuAutismÎncredere înaltă22.06.2026

Male-Biased Social Deficits in Chd8+/R2219* Mouse Model of Autism Linked to Hippocampal Abnormalities

This preclinical study generated a CRISPR-Cas9 mouse model carrying a CHD8 mutation associated with autism risk and found that male mice exhibited greater social deficits mirroring human sex bias, alongside macrocephaly and whole-brain enlargement. MRI and functional connectivity analyses revealed that hippocampal expansion and disrupted hippocampal network connectivity specifically correlated with social deficit severity in males, establishing hippocampal pathology as a key neural substrate for sex-biased autism phenotypes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Emotion- and Region-Specific Gaze Differences in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

A study using eyetracking compared visual attention patterns in parents of children with ASD versus parents of typically developing children while viewing emotional faces. Parents of children with ASD showed selective increased attention to the mouth region specifically when viewing threat-related emotions (anger, fear), suggesting emotion- and region-specific gaze allocation differences rather than generalized attentional changes.

StudiuAutismÎncredere bună22.06.2026

Cocoa polyphenols mitigate valproic acid-induced autism-like phenotypes in zebrafish via metabolic and proteomic mechanisms: a pilot study

This pilot study examined whether cocoa extract containing polyphenols could reverse autism-like behavioral and gastrointestinal abnormalities induced by valproic acid exposure in zebrafish. Cocoa co-treatment ameliorated hyperactivity and gut dysfunction while normalizing key metabolic and protein markers of cellular stress.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Relationship between depression and sex steroid hormones in women with epilepsy

This study investigated associations between sex steroid hormones, antiseizure medications, and depression in 112 women with epilepsy compared to 50 healthy controls, finding a 18.8% depression prevalence and significant hormonal differences including elevated testosterone and altered FSH, estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin levels. Sex steroid hormones emerge as potential biomarkers for depression risk in women with epilepsy, with implications for treatment and prognosis.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Burn Trauma: Clinical Epidemiology from a Tertiary Hospital

A prospective observational study over 24 months analyzed burn injury characteristics in patients with underlying neuropsychiatric conditions, finding epilepsy as the most common disorder (66.52%) followed by intellectual disability and dementia. Female patients experienced higher rates of severe burns and scalding injuries with more frequent third-degree burns and head/neck involvement compared to males.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Psychiatric Comorbidities in Functional Neurological Disorders and Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures: Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations

This systematic review examines psychiatric comorbidities associated with Functional Neurological Disorders (FND) and Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES), finding these are not autonomous conditions but develop alongside autism, borderline personality disorder, PTSD, and alexithymia. The authors propose a biopsychosocial model where early trauma, abuse, and neglect contribute to progressive neurological sensitivity, particularly in young female patients, and recommend improved assessment and integrated treatment policies.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Anxiety and Depression after Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study

This study examined the prevalence of depression and anxiety in individuals with subacute and chronic spinal cord injury using validated psychological assessment tools (BDI and STAI scales). Results showed significant alterations in both depression and anxiety levels, with differences noted between subacute and chronic phases; early psychological assessment and intervention are recommended to prevent cognitive and mental health complications.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă21.06.2026

Epileptic variant in the spectrum of Alzheimer's disease - practical implications

Alzheimer's disease carries increased epilepsy risk not only in advanced stages but also during mild cognitive impairment and preclinical stages, with seizures sometimes being the earliest clinical manifestation (epileptic variant of AD). This presentation offers a therapeutic window where antiseizure medications may help prevent cognitive decline by addressing AD-related brain hyperexcitability, but requires biomarker assessment (amyloid and tau) for accurate diagnosis.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Depression and ADHD as predictors of exercise addiction: A cross-sectional study in frequent exercisers

This cross-sectional study of 173 frequent exercisers (>10 hours/week) examined relationships between depression, ADHD symptoms, and exercise addiction using standardized scales and regression analyses. Depressive and ADHD symptoms were significantly positively correlated with exercise addiction symptoms, with depression emerging as the stronger predictor after controlling for age and gender.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă21.06.2026

Effect of Educational Interventions on Psychiatrists' Adherence to Treatment Guidelines for Schizophrenia and Depression: A Multicenter Implementation Study

The EGUIDE project evaluated how educational lectures on clinical practice guidelines influenced 782 psychiatrists' treatment practices across 176 Japanese hospitals, comparing guideline adherence in over 11,000 patients with schizophrenia or major depressive disorder. Psychiatrists who participated in guideline education showed higher rates of guideline-recommended treatments including appropriate antipsychotic monotherapy and reduced unnecessary psychotropic co-prescriptions.

PresăAutismÎncredere înaltă20.06.2026

Autism Mutations Converge on Shared Early Brain Pathways

Research demonstrates that hundreds of genetically diverse causes of autism dysfunction converge on common molecular pathways during early brain development. This finding suggests potential shared therapeutic targets despite the genetic heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună20.06.2026

Pathogenesis of Comorbid Epilepsy in Alzheimer's Disease and the Role of Perampanel as an AMPA Receptor Inhibitor

Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy frequently co-occur and share common pathogenic mechanisms involving AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Perampanel, an FDA-approved AMPAR antagonist for seizure management, may offer therapeutic benefits in patients with comorbid AD-epilepsy, particularly those with myoclonus or sleep disturbances, though clinical evidence remains limited.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă20.06.2026

Mental Health Problems in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Patients: An Umbrella Systematic Review

This umbrella systematic review synthesized 20 systematic reviews to assess the prevalence and correlates of mental illness in traumatic spinal cord injury patients, finding depression (up to 43%), PTSD (up to 62%), anxiety (27%), and hazardous alcohol use (≥50%) as major concerns. Common risk factors included pain, injury severity, low social support, and maladaptive coping, though evidence for effective interventions was limited.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună20.06.2026

TGF-β1 Pathway as a Possible Link Between Alzheimer's Disease and Depression: Antidepressant Therapeutic Potential

This review examines whether Alzheimer's disease and major depressive disorder share common pathophysiological mechanisms, particularly through reduced TGF-β1 cytokine levels and amyloid-beta accumulation. The authors discuss emerging evidence that certain antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, ketamine) may have neuroprotective effects, though they note the evidence remains inconsistent and potentially adverse effects require further investigation.