Traumatisme cranio-cerebrale și recuperare.
81 de articoleUniversity of Otago research published in the Journal of Biomechanics demonstrates that smart mouthguard systems use standardized models that fail to account for biological variation across different sexes, ages, and body sizes. This limitation may result in serious traumatic brain injuries being undetected during impact assessment in rugby players.
The CDC developed a tiered case definition for self-reported traumatic brain injury (TBI) to improve national surveillance, addressing limitations of hospital-based data that undercount TBIs occurring in outpatient and untreated settings. This surveillance system aims to better estimate the public health burden of concussion and TBI across all causes of brain injury in the United States.
This article critically examines divergent diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) used across clinical and forensic settings, including ACRM, VA/DoD, DSM-5-TR, ICD-11, and CISG frameworks, highlighting their differing evidentiary standards and practical limitations. The authors review evidence-based approaches to diagnostic uncertainty, emerging blood biomarkers (GFAP, UCH-L1, NfL, S100B), and the scope of neuropsychological opinion in legal contexts, addressing challenges in retrospective determination and mechanistic complexity in injury mechanisms.
This narrative review examines how mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, particularly in females who experience disproportionately worse outcomes and higher rates of menstrual dysfunction post-injury. The authors synthesize evidence on sex differences, pituitary hormone regulation, and downstream reproductive health consequences to identify research gaps and clinical recommendations for female mTBI patients.
This study investigates the relationship between substance use disorders and traumatic brain injury outcomes in a rural trauma center population. The research examines epidemiological patterns and clinical evidence linking substance use to TBI incidence and recovery outcomes.
This multicenter study externally validated the UPFRONT-model, which predicts functional outcome after mild traumatic brain injury using factors like educational level, consciousness level, neck pain, and psychological variables. The model demonstrated acceptable discrimination ability but systematically underestimated recovery rates (predicted 46% vs observed 75%), suggesting need for calibration adjustments while confirming psychological variables as robust predictors.
This study examines the epidemiology of concussions across the U.S. population using health insurance claims data to identify incidence rates and patterns. The research provides insights into the burden and frequency of concussion injuries across different demographics and settings.
This study examined the relationship between pupil light response dynamics and accommodation deficits in 17 individuals with prior mild TBI using objective measurements. Participants with accommodative dysfunction showed significantly larger pupil constriction amplitudes and faster constriction velocity, suggesting a neurophysiological link between these two oculomotor functions post-TBI.
This scoping review systematically examined 32 studies (25 animal, 7 human) on ketogenic therapies for traumatic brain injury, synthesizing mechanistic insights and clinical outcomes. The analysis identifies sex imbalances in TBI research and evaluates barriers to clinical implementation of ketogenic interventions as a potential therapeutic strategy.
A study examines the relationship between documented concussions sustained by NFL players and subsequent arrest outcomes, using professional football as a model for understanding head injury consequences. The research investigates how repeated concussive and subconcussive impacts in contact sports may be associated with behavioral and legal problems in affected athletes.
This cross-sectional study of 1,085 former professional American football players examined whether concussion history associates with tinnitus and whether tinnitus mediates relationships between head injury exposure and mental health outcomes. Greater concussion symptom history was significantly associated with increased odds of tinnitus, with implications for understanding post-TBI auditory and neurobehavioral complications.
A retrospective study of 53 patients (39 with migraine aura, 14 with TIA) investigated whether oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measurements from MRI perfusion imaging could differentiate between these two conditions. Patients with migraine aura showed significantly higher OEF values than TIA patients, with the OEF ratio achieving 0.89 area under the curve for discrimination.
This editorial discusses the clinical presentations and manifestations observed in patients with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury. The piece addresses recognized neurological and functional outcomes in this patient population.
This systematic review analyzed TBI research publications from North Africa over 22 years (2000-2021), identifying 22 eligible studies from over 168,000 records across major databases. The findings reveal that North Africa accounts for less than 1% of global TBI research output, with low annual productivity and minimal research prior to 2004, indicating substantial research gaps compared to other regions.
This observational study examined 287 TBI patients (251 moderate, 36 severe) across two hospitals to evaluate how BMI changes during hospitalization affect functional recovery measured by Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE). Results showed differing BMI patterns between moderate and severe TBI groups, with significant associations identified between BMI changes and patient outcomes at discharge.
This study used magnetic resonance spectroscopy within 72 hours of mild TBI to measure brain metabolites (NAA, creatinine, choline) in specific brain regions and assessed their ability to predict post-concussion syndrome at 6-month follow-up. Early metabolite patterns in the anterior cingulate cortex, particularly NAA/choline ratios, were identified as significant predictors of both PCS occurrence and severity, suggesting neurochemical markers may help identify which patients develop prolonged symptoms.
This systematic review examined how climate and environmental conditions affect concussion rates in outdoor contact sports by analyzing 20 studies from major medical databases. The evidence indicates no significant difference in concussion risk based on playing surface type (grass vs. artificial) or game location (home vs. away), though findings on altitude and temperature effects remain inconclusive.
A cross-sectional study of 315 medical students in Saudi Arabia found that 68.3% demonstrated good knowledge about concussions as mild traumatic brain injuries, with 80.3% correctly recognizing the need to report symptoms to healthcare providers. However, misconceptions persisted, including the belief that all concussion patients require seven days of complete rest, highlighting gaps in clinical training despite overall adequate foundational understanding.
