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Epilepsie

Crize epileptice și managementul lor.

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StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Anti-LGI1 Antibody-Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis Presenting with Electrographic Seizures: A Clinical Case Report

A 59-year-old woman with behavioral changes, memory impairment, and hyponatremia was diagnosed with LGI1 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis after brain MRI revealed temporal lobe involvement and EEG showed electrographic seizure patterns. Treatment with steroid pulse therapy, plasma exchange, and lacosamide resulted in lesion resolution within 90 days, highlighting the importance of EEG monitoring for early detection of autoimmune encephalitis.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Yield of Hyperventilation and Other Activation Procedures in Facilitating Epileptiform Discharges During EEG

This study compared EEG recordings with and without hyperventilation to assess their role in detecting epileptiform abnormalities across 659 patients. Hyperventilation, longer recording duration, and sleep deprivation all increased the likelihood of detecting epileptiform discharges, with hyperventilation showing particular benefit in children but not adults.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

A causal attention network with time-frequency channel feature fusion for epileptic seizure prediction

This study proposes a causal attention network (CANet) that combines dilated causal convolution and attention mechanisms to predict seizures during extended preictal periods (up to 2 hours before onset). Testing on standard epilepsy datasets showed high sensitivity (92-100%) and low false alarm rates, with average prediction times exceeding 90 minutes, potentially allowing sufficient time for therapeutic intervention.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Eslicarbazepine Use During Breastfeeding: A Case Report of Two Infants

A case report documents successful breastfeeding by a mother with drug-resistant epilepsy treated with eslicarbazepine acetate, with measured infant serum drug levels at 9.1% and 7.5% of maternal concentration and no adverse effects at 13 months follow-up. The authors conclude that breastfeeding may be considered under clinical supervision for healthy term infants of mothers on eslicarbazepine monotherapy, while noting that safety data remain limited.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Serum subfatin levels as a potential biomarker for epileptic seizure diagnosis: A case-control study

This case-control study of 132 epilepsy patients and 131 controls found significantly lower serum subfatin levels in epilepsy patients compared to controls, with ROC analysis showing good diagnostic discriminatory power (AUC 0.84). The authors propose subfatin as a promising biomarker that may reflect neuroinflammatory processes in epileptogenesis, with potential diagnostic and prognostic utility.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Increased Interval Between Seizure Clusters in Young Children Treated with Diazepam Nasal Spray

This study examined how diazepam nasal spray, an FDA-approved rescue medication for seizure clusters in children aged 2-5 years, affected the time interval between cluster episodes. Results showed the mean interval between seizure clusters approximately doubled over the treatment period, suggesting improved seizure control with continued use of the medication.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

The burden of seizure emergencies in Spain: a systematic literature review

This systematic review synthesized 47 observational studies on seizure emergencies in Spain, revealing that status epilepticus patients experience high mortality (24.3%), prolonged seizure duration (8-51 hours), and significant ICU admissions. Patients presenting with epileptic seizures at emergency departments showed variable hospitalization rates (6-32%) and medical complications (19.4-52.1%), highlighting the substantial clinical and healthcare resource burden of seizure emergencies.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Effects of an Educational Comic Book on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Epilepsy among Adolescents in Quito, Ecuador

A quasi-experimental study of 344 adolescents in Quito found that an educational comic book significantly improved median global knowledge-attitudes-practices (KAP) scores from 11.5 to 15.1. Students showed greater improvements regardless of baseline knowledge, though those with prior seizure exposure improved less, suggesting comic-based education effectively reduces epilepsy stigma in diverse adolescent populations.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Contraceptive Management in People with Epilepsy: Drug Interactions and Clinical Guidance

This narrative review examines the complex bidirectional interactions between antiseizure medications and hormonal contraceptives, which can affect seizure control, contraceptive efficacy, and medication serum levels in people with epilepsy of childbearing age. The authors emphasize that planned pregnancies lead to better outcomes and provide comprehensive guidance on selecting appropriate contraception methods while addressing special populations including adolescents and those with intellectual disabilities.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Efficient EEG Channel-and-Frequency-Band Selection for Epileptic Seizure Classification Using Multi-Objective Optimization

This study optimizes EEG signal acquisition by jointly selecting the most relevant channels and frequency bands for seizure classification while reducing computational costs, using a genetic algorithm approach tested on the CHB-MIT database. Results identified specific channels (P3-O1, P4-O2, CZ-PZ) and frequency bands (gamma and alpha) as most relevant for accurate seizure detection in resource-constrained clinical settings.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Folic acid supplementation and prevention of adverse offspring outcomes among women with epilepsy: An observational study

This multi-center Chinese cohort study of 1,013 women with epilepsy examined how folic acid supplementation affects pregnancy outcomes, finding that FA use in ASM-exposed pregnancies reduced risks of adverse composite outcomes and fetal death. Supplementation at ≥0.4 mg/day provided protection, with dose-response relationships analyzed using appropriate statistical models.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Thyroid Function and Volume Changes in Children with Epilepsy Receiving Levetiracetam Monotherapy

A prospective study of 40 children on levetiracetam monotherapy found no significant changes in thyroid hormone levels or autoimmune markers over 6 months of treatment. Although thyroid volume standard deviation scores decreased slightly, absolute thyroid volume and thyroid function remained stable, suggesting levetiracetam does not adversely affect thyroid health in the short term.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Classification of Epileptic Seizure Using Hybrid Deep Learning Framework with Time and Time-Frequency Hjorth Features

This study proposes a machine learning framework combining Hjorth parameters extracted from time and time-frequency domains with deep neural networks (CNN, BiLSTM, and attention mechanisms) to classify epileptic seizure stages. The approach achieved 98.4% accuracy for binary classification and 85.4% for five-class discrimination on the Bonn EEG dataset using rigorous cross-validation.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Hematological Adverse Reactions in Epilepsy Patients: Monotherapy versus Polytherapy Comparison

This hospital-based study compared hematological parameters in 200 epilepsy patients receiving either single or multiple anti-seizure medications, finding that polytherapy was associated with different hematological profiles including variations in neutrophil counts, hemoglobin, and platelet indices. Certain blood parameters showed modest discriminatory ability for predicting treatment patterns, suggesting medication regimens may influence hematological outcomes in epilepsy.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Longitudinal Australian trends in valproate initiation among women of reproductive age and concurrent prescription contraceptive use

This population-based cohort study analyzed Australian prescription data from 2013-2021 and found that valproate initiation in women aged 15-49 years declined substantially while alternative anti-seizure medications increased, reflecting heightened awareness of reproductive risks. Although contraceptive coverage among valproate-treated women improved, nearly 70% had no prescription contraception coverage in 2021, indicating ongoing gaps in pregnancy prevention strategies.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Effectiveness of China Acute Seizure Action Plan for Improving Caregiver Management of Pediatric Epilepsy

A prospective study evaluated a context-adapted seizure action plan (CASAP) in 313 Chinese caregivers of children with epilepsy, showing significant improvements in knowledge and emergency management practices following a 6-month intervention. Digital tool integration and caregiver education level were identified as factors influencing intervention effectiveness, though attitude changes required longer-term follow-up.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Visually Enhanced Mental Simulation for Improving Seizure Response Skills and Attitudes Toward Epilepsy in Teacher Candidates

This study evaluated whether Visually Enhanced Mental Simulation (VEMS) training improves pre-service teachers' ability to respond to epileptic seizures and their attitudes toward epilepsy. Results showed significant improvements in both seizure-response performance and positive attitudes following the simulation-based intervention.