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This study examines 13 events in 8 patients initially misdiagnosed with convulsive status epilepticus who actually had psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). The research highlights that poor response to benzodiazepines and anti-seizure medications should prompt consideration of PNES as a differential diagnosis to avoid unnecessary intubation and inappropriate treatment escalation.
This review addresses the clinical challenge of drug-resistant frontal lobe epilepsy, the second most common epilepsy type, which is complicated by the frontal lobe's large size making seizure focus localization difficult. The article examines epidemiology, etiologic factors (particularly cortical developmental abnormalities), symptomatology, and advances in neurophysiological and neuroimaging techniques including magnetoencephalography, quantitative PET, 7T MRI, and artificial intelligence-assisted morphometric analysis to improve lesion detection and surgical outcomes.
This review examines how genetic variations in Arab populations influence the efficacy, safety, and individual responses to anti-seizure medications, identifying specific genetic markers that can predict drug resistance and optimize dosing. Genetic testing for variants in genes such as MTHFR, MDR1, ABCB1, and others enables personalized treatment approaches to improve seizure control and minimize adverse drug reactions.
This study examined whether genetic variations in UGT enzymes (which metabolize the antiepileptic drug lamotrigine) affect seizure control in 47 pregnancies of women with epilepsy. While UGT genotype did not directly predict seizure outcomes, recent pre-pregnancy seizure history (within 6-12 months) was a significant predictor of seizure recurrence during pregnancy and postpartum.
The International League Against Epilepsy released an updated seizure classification in 2025 with six main revisions to improve clinical clarity, including replacing 'onset' in seizure class names, substituting 'consciousness' for 'awareness' to encompass both awareness and responsiveness, and replacing 'motor' with 'observable' features. The update also emphasizes chronological seizure semiology patterns, recognizes epileptic negative myoclonus as a new seizure type, and expands the use of epileptic spasms as a descriptor across focal and unknown seizures.