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This review examines the role of circular RNAs (a class of non-coding RNA) in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, exploring how they regulate gene expression and immune function. CircRNAs influence neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, and microglial dysfunction, suggesting they could inform future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to MS.
This study investigated pupillography combined with machine learning to detect autonomic dysfunction in patients with relapsing-remitting MS, achieving 85.7% accuracy on test data but lower performance (75% accuracy) on independent validation. The research demonstrates feasibility of pupil-based biomarkers for MS assessment while acknowledging generalizability challenges.
This study measured 15 inflammatory biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid from MS patients treated with natalizumab for varying durations, compared to untreated MS patients and healthy controls. While natalizumab significantly reduced most inflammatory markers, certain biomarkers including B cell maturation antigens and IL-10 remained elevated even after more than five years of treatment, suggesting incomplete suppression of intrathecal inflammation.
A 12-month randomized controlled trial evaluated dulaglutide (a GLP-1 receptor agonist) as adjunctive therapy alongside natalizumab in 28 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, measuring neurofilament light chain levels, brain MRI changes, and functional outcomes. Treatment with dulaglutide significantly reduced weight, BMI, and body fat while improving glucose tolerance and potentially showing neuroprotective effects.
A retrospective analysis of 41 MS patients with uveitis compared to 123 MS controls found that disability accumulation (time to reach EDSS 3) occurred faster in patients with concurrent uveitis. The findings suggest that uveitis may be associated with worse MS disease progression.