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Recent observational studies suggest the Mediterranean diet may be associated with reduced cognitive decline and lower Alzheimer's disease risk, possibly through vascular, metabolic, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, causality has not been established, and large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm whether the diet can serve as a preventive strategy for dementia.
This review examines how hypertension contributes to major neurocognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and Lewy body dementia through vascular damage, inflammation, and blood-brain barrier disruption. While antihypertensive medications show promise in some studies, evidence remains inconsistent, highlighting the need for long-term prospective research to clarify treatment effectiveness and the bidirectional relationship between hypertension and cognitive decline.
This review examines cognitive reserve (CR), the brain's ability to compensate for pathology through adaptive mechanisms, as a crucial factor in reducing Alzheimer's disease risk and slowing cognitive decline. The authors evaluate measurement methods, interventions, and practical applications, noting that lifestyle choices and occupational complexity may be more informative than education alone in capturing CR complexity.
This research investigates alterations in gut microbiota composition and metabolic profiles in patients with Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes using advanced molecular analysis techniques. The study aims to identify potential microbial and metabolic biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration and metabolic dysfunction.
This work explores the vascular hypothesis as a mechanism underlying both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, with particular attention to how cardiovascular risk factors contribute to dementia development. The research examines prevalence patterns and etiological factors specific to African populations, addressing potential disparities in dementia pathophysiology and risk profiles.