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This review examines the relationship between REM sleep abnormalities and psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, following 70 years of research since REM sleep's 1953 discovery. Key findings link depression to reduced REM latency, increased REM volume, and higher REM density, with implications for understanding emotional processing and developing improved treatments.
This work examines the relationship between depression, sexual dysfunction, and antidepressant medications, exploring how these factors interact clinically. It addresses both the depressive condition itself and medication-related adverse effects on sexual function.
A clinical case report documents two patients with treatment-resistant depression who initially responded to intranasal esketamine but subsequently experienced rapid deterioration in depressive symptoms and increased suicidal ideation, which improved upon discontinuation. The authors use validated psychiatric rating scales to assess outcomes and acknowledge that the mechanism underlying these paradoxical adverse reactions remains unclear.
This review examines cariprazine, a D2/D3 partial agonist atypical antipsychotic, as a potential adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder patients with inadequate response to standard antidepressants. Preliminary evidence suggests cariprazine may improve motivation, anhedonia, and cognitive symptoms, though its effects on anxiety, agitation, and psychomotor symptoms remain uncertain.
A retrospective analysis of 15 years of electronic health records from 13,607 patients with major depressive disorder found that 11.8% later converted to bipolar disorder. Using Cox regression modeling, researchers identified key predictive factors including severity of initial depression, psychosis, hospitalization, family history of bipolar disorder, female gender, and suicidality derived from clinical notes.