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University of Otago research published in the Journal of Biomechanics demonstrates that smart mouthguard systems use standardized models that fail to account for biological variation across different sexes, ages, and body sizes. This limitation may result in serious traumatic brain injuries being undetected during impact assessment in rugby players.
This scoping review examined 10 studies investigating how mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects brain functional connectivity measured via EEG in children. Five studies found significant differences between mTBI and control groups, with Brain Network Analysis proving more effective for tracking changes over time than alternative methods.
The CDC developed a tiered case definition for self-reported traumatic brain injury (TBI) to improve national surveillance, addressing limitations of hospital-based data that undercount TBIs occurring in outpatient and untreated settings. This surveillance system aims to better estimate the public health burden of concussion and TBI across all causes of brain injury in the United States.
This CDC study examined 3,557 children aged 5-17 years and found 9.9% sustained a TBI in the past year, with specific symptoms (sleep changes, concentration difficulty, light/noise sensitivity, learning difficulties) associated with worse school outcomes. Findings support school-based accommodations and graduated academic support to facilitate successful return-to-learn after TBI.
This article critically examines divergent diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) used across clinical and forensic settings, including ACRM, VA/DoD, DSM-5-TR, ICD-11, and CISG frameworks, highlighting their differing evidentiary standards and practical limitations. The authors review evidence-based approaches to diagnostic uncertainty, emerging blood biomarkers (GFAP, UCH-L1, NfL, S100B), and the scope of neuropsychological opinion in legal contexts, addressing challenges in retrospective determination and mechanistic complexity in injury mechanisms.
