Boala Parkinson și tulburări de mișcare.
64 de articoleResearchers developed a screening tool to improve timely referral of Parkinson's disease patients to specialized centers for device-aided therapies, based on analysis of 259 patients across 8 hospitals. The tool identified response fluctuations and dyskinesias as key predictors and outperformed existing 5-2-1 referral criteria in clinical decision-making.
A study of 486 LRRK2-PD and 9,259 idiopathic PD patients found that higher mitochondrial polygenic scores (related to mitochondrial function genes) were significantly associated with earlier disease onset in LRRK2-PD carriers. The research identified meaningful interactions between genetic risk and lifestyle factors (caffeinated soda in LRRK2-PD, tobacco use in idiopathic PD), suggesting that disease timing may be influenced by both genetic and modifiable environmental factors.
This research explores metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as potential therapeutic targets for managing Parkinson's disease symptoms. The approach focuses on modulating glutamatergic signaling pathways to address motor dysfunction and neurodegeneration associated with the condition.
This preclinical study examined how intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, modulates astrocyte function and glutamate homeostasis in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Results showed iTBS improved striatal astrocyte responses, restored glutamate transporter function, and enhanced motor recovery, suggesting astrocyte modulation contributes to iTBS therapeutic effects.
This review examines advances in Parkinson's disease biomarkers, particularly α-synuclein detection using immunodetection and emerging seed amplification assays in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Seed amplification assays show promise as more reliable diagnostic tools with improved accuracy, representing a significant advancement toward non-invasive biomarker testing for disease diagnosis and progression monitoring.
This study examined 124 drug-naive Parkinson's disease patients using PET imaging and eye-movement recordings to explore relationships between dopaminergic degeneration in specific brain regions and ocular motor dysfunction. Saccadic accuracy correlated with motor severity and cognitive impairment, suggesting eye movement analysis may reflect underlying neurochemical changes in early Parkinson's disease.
This review examines neuromelanin's complex involvement in Parkinson's disease, highlighting its paradoxical neuroprotective properties as an antioxidant alongside its harmful effects through mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress when accumulated. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting neuromelanin accumulation include antioxidant therapy, proteostasis enhancement, ion chelation, and immunotherapy, though clinical trial results remain mixed.
This prospective study assessed the prevalence of blepharoclonus (eyelid fluttering) in 75 Parkinson's disease patients and 10 with atypical parkinsonism, finding it present in 84% of PD cases and 60% of synucleinopathy cases but absent in non-synucleinopathy parkinsonian syndromes. The findings suggest blepharoclonus may have diagnostic utility in differentiating synucleinopathy-associated parkinsonism from other parkinsonian conditions.
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, with aging as the primary risk factor; prevalence is expected to increase globally due to population aging. Current treatments manage symptoms rather than cure the disease, and management is complicated by multiple comorbidities in older adults; this review examines disease management strategies and emerging care models aimed at improving quality of life.
This multicenter study investigates the co-occurrence of functional movement disorders alongside Parkinson's disease diagnosis. The research provides descriptive clinical data on how these movement conditions present together, contributing to understanding of complex neurological presentations in affected populations.
A study of 4,600 Italian patients with Parkinson's disease or atypical parkinsonism identified 20 new carriers of the RAB32 p.Ser71Arg variant, which was associated with earlier disease onset (average 51 years) and good response to dopaminergic therapy. Carriers showed positive family history in 55.5% of cases, suggesting dominant inheritance patterns, with generally preserved cognitive function and mild psychiatric symptoms.
This expert consensus document provides evidence-based clinical guidance on screening, diagnosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson disease, a common non-motor symptom that can precede motor symptoms and significantly impact quality of life. Recommendations are organized by anatomical segments (oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon) based on a modified Delphi panel approach involving movement disorder neurologists and gastroenterologists.
Epidemiological and animal evidence indicates methamphetamine use significantly increases risk for Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism, potentially with earlier onset. Despite elevated prevalence in methamphetamine users, diagnosis is often missed due to under-detection, competing mortality risks, and confounding substance use patterns; clinicians should maintain vigilance for parkinsonian symptoms in this population.
This randomized controlled trial evaluated crocin (30 mg twice daily for 8 weeks) in 53 Parkinson's disease patients using movement rating scales and oxidative stress markers. The intervention showed statistically significant improvements in movement and daily activity scores, though oxidative DNA damage markers did not change significantly.
A post-hoc analysis of clinical trial data shows that extended-release amantadine significantly reduced OFF-related dystonia in Parkinson's disease patients over 12 weeks, with improvements sustained over 2 years. The benefit was independent of reduction in OFF time, suggesting a specific effect on dystonia symptoms.
This review addresses the lack of consensus definition for advanced Parkinson's disease by synthesizing clinical features (motor fluctuations, falls, cognitive decline), pathological burden markers, and neuroimaging findings associated with disease progression. The authors propose a longitudinal assessment model incorporating clinical markers and quality-of-life metrics to better characterize and predict disease trajectory in PD patients.
A 75-year-old woman with GBA mutation-associated Parkinson's disease initially responded well to L-Dopa but developed rapid motor decline, severe cognitive fluctuations, and dementia four years into disease course, progressing to death within one year. Autopsy confirmed pure Parkinson's pathology without concomitant Alzheimer's disease, demonstrating that sudden disease acceleration in PD does not necessarily require co-existent Alzheimer's pathology.
A prospective study of 45 Parkinson's disease patients with sleep disturbances compared safinamide and rasagiline, two monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors. Safinamide showed superior sleep improvements including increased deep sleep (N3), better sleep efficiency, and reduced periodic limb movements, with significant improvements on sleep quality scales, while rasagiline showed minimal sleep benefit despite motor symptom improvement in both groups.