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Epilepsie

Crize epileptice și managementul lor.

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StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă21.06.2026

Systematic Literature Review of Humanistic and Economic Burden of Focal Epilepsy and Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures in Adults

This systematic review analyzed 136 studies to assess the humanistic and economic impact of focal epilepsy and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults, examining patient outcomes, quality of life, productivity loss, and caregiver burden. Findings demonstrate that epilepsy, particularly focal epilepsy, imposes substantial burden including poor work productivity, increased sick days, early retirement, and significant caregiver costs, with greater impact associated with high seizure frequency and medication resistance.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă21.06.2026

Machine Learning Models for Predicting Anti-Seizure Medication Response in Epilepsy: A Systematic Review

This systematic review of 37 studies examines how machine learning models can predict individual patient responses to anti-seizure medications by analyzing clinical data, brain imaging, EEG, and genetic information. While some models show promising accuracy, results vary widely, and the field faces significant limitations related to data quality and quantity that require further research and standardization.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Switching from carbamazepine to lacosamide improves elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels in focal epilepsy patients

A clinical study of 12 adult epilepsy patients with elevated liver enzyme (GGT) levels found that switching from carbamazepine to lacosamide resulted in significant reduction in GGT levels and normalization in most patients. The medication switch was conducted abruptly without gradual cross-titration and did not result in increased seizure incidence over one month of follow-up.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă21.06.2026

Case Report: Lacosamide Unmasking SCN5A-Associated Brugada Syndrome in a Young Female with Epilepsy

A 33-year-old woman with epilepsy experienced cardiac arrest during intravenous lacosamide treatment, revealing previously undiagnosed Brugada syndrome caused by an SCN5A gene mutation (c.2893C>T, p.Arg965Cys). The case demonstrates a rare but serious adverse interaction between the antiepileptic drug lacosamide and genetic cardiac ion channel susceptibility, highlighting the need for cardiac screening in patients with family history of sudden cardiac death before lacosamide initiation.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Relationship between Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitors and Seizure Disorders: A Post-Marketing Surveillance Study

This pharmacovigilance study analyzed FDA adverse event reports to investigate whether ALK inhibitors (crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, lorlatinib) are associated with seizures using Bayesian statistical methods. Results showed varying signal detection scores across different ALK inhibitors, with ceritinib, brigatinib, alectinib, and lorlatinib demonstrating stronger associations with seizure disorders compared to crizotinib.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Optimal EEG Duration for Detecting Epileptiform Abnormalities Across Patient Groups: A Retrospective Analysis

This retrospective study analyzed EEG recordings to determine optimal recording duration for detecting epileptiform abnormalities in patients with first seizure versus established epilepsy. Results showed detection rates of 37.6% and 57.4% respectively, with factors like anti-seizure medication use and seizure frequency significantly influencing detection, suggesting individualized EEG protocols based on clinical presentation.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Changes in Gut Flora in Patients with Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined alterations in gut microbiota composition in epilepsy patients compared to healthy controls across multiple databases. While alpha diversity did not differ significantly, specific bacterial taxa showed significant changes including increased Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia but decreased Lactobacillus in epilepsy patients.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună21.06.2026

MSCNet-FS: An Intelligent Epileptic Seizure Anticipation Model Using Multi-Serial Cascaded Networks and EEG Scalogram Analysis

This study presents a machine learning model designed to anticipate epileptic seizures by analyzing EEG scalogram images through a multi-serial cascaded network with optimized feature selection. The approach uses the Archimedes Optimization algorithm for feature selection followed by Bi-directional LSTM processing to provide timely seizure detection.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună21.06.2026

Alcohol withdrawal seizures, epilepsy and brain trauma

This article addresses alcohol withdrawal seizures as a serious medical complication, explores the relationship between chronic alcohol use and epilepsy development, and examines how traumatic brain injury can increase seizure risk. The content covers clinically recognized mechanisms linking substance withdrawal, neurological injury, and seizure disorders.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună20.06.2026

Status Non-Epilepticus: Distinguishing Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures from Convulsive Status Epilepticus

This study examines 13 events in 8 patients initially misdiagnosed with convulsive status epilepticus who actually had psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). The research highlights that poor response to benzodiazepines and anti-seizure medications should prompt consideration of PNES as a differential diagnosis to avoid unnecessary intubation and inappropriate treatment escalation.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună20.06.2026

Adverse events of dual anti-seizure medication: Real-life data from a tertiary epilepsy clinic

A retrospective study of 595 epilepsy patients on dual anti-seizure medications identified common adverse events including sleepiness (62%), concentration difficulties (55%), and memory problems (53%). Female sex, certain drug combinations (levetiracetam/valproic acid, lamotrigine/valproic acid), drug resistance, and focal/unclassified epilepsy were independently associated with higher adverse event burden.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă20.06.2026

Drug-Resistant Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: A Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Surgical Management

This review addresses the clinical challenge of drug-resistant frontal lobe epilepsy, the second most common epilepsy type, which is complicated by the frontal lobe's large size making seizure focus localization difficult. The article examines epidemiology, etiologic factors (particularly cortical developmental abnormalities), symptomatology, and advances in neurophysiological and neuroimaging techniques including magnetoencephalography, quantitative PET, 7T MRI, and artificial intelligence-assisted morphometric analysis to improve lesion detection and surgical outcomes.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă20.06.2026

The impact of the new definition of epilepsy on diagnosis, treatment, and short-term outcomes—A prospective study

A prospective study of 235 adult patients with first seizures examined how the 2014 ILAE definition of epilepsy (allowing earlier diagnosis) affected clinical outcomes compared to previous criteria. Among 146 patients diagnosed with epilepsy using new criteria, 72% remained seizure-free at 12-month follow-up, and anti-seizure medication significantly reduced seizure recurrence risk.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere bună20.06.2026

Pharmacogenetics of Anti-Seizure Medications in Arab Countries: A Comprehensive Review

This review examines how genetic variations in Arab populations influence the efficacy, safety, and individual responses to anti-seizure medications, identifying specific genetic markers that can predict drug resistance and optimize dosing. Genetic testing for variants in genes such as MTHFR, MDR1, ABCB1, and others enables personalized treatment approaches to improve seizure control and minimize adverse drug reactions.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă20.06.2026

Simultaneous Bilateral Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Following Epileptic Seizure: A Rare Case Report

A 32-year-old man with known epilepsy experienced simultaneous bilateral anterior shoulder dislocations immediately after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, a rare occurrence since seizure-related dislocations are typically posterior. Closed reduction under sedation followed by immobilization and rehabilitation achieved excellent functional recovery at 1-year follow-up, with seizure control emphasized as key to preventing recurrence.

StudiuEpilepsieÎncredere înaltă20.06.2026

ILAE 2025 Classification of Epileptic Seizures: Key Revisions and Clinical Implications

The International League Against Epilepsy released an updated seizure classification in 2025 with six main revisions to improve clinical clarity, including replacing 'onset' in seizure class names, substituting 'consciousness' for 'awareness' to encompass both awareness and responsiveness, and replacing 'motor' with 'observable' features. The update also emphasizes chronological seizure semiology patterns, recognizes epileptic negative myoclonus as a new seizure type, and expands the use of epileptic spasms as a descriptor across focal and unknown seizures.