Crize epileptice și managementul lor.
128 de articoleThis study evaluated whether Visually Enhanced Mental Simulation (VEMS) training improves pre-service teachers' ability to respond to epileptic seizures and their attitudes toward epilepsy. Results showed significant improvements in both seizure-response performance and positive attitudes following the simulation-based intervention.
This study investigates the role of cerebral ischemia in vascular epilepsy and identifies risk factors for developing epilepsy following stroke. The research aims to improve clinical understanding of post-stroke seizure complications and inform prevention strategies.
This study compared two approaches for classifying cognitive phenotypes in 100 adults with frontal lobe epilepsy using the IC-CoDE framework: normative (performance relative to peers) and ipsative (performance relative to individual baseline). The ipsative method classified more patients as cognitively intact, with poor agreement between approaches, and findings suggest anti-seizure medication burden and younger age may be associated with cognitive impairment patterns.
Ring chromosome 20 is a rare genetic disorder causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, characterized by drug-resistant seizures that significantly impact quality of life. A taskforce of epilepsy specialists and caregivers reviewed available literature and provided consensus recommendations for multidisciplinary management, including genetic counseling, acknowledgment of treatment resistance, and monitoring for non-convulsive status epilepticus.
This case report examines the clinical difficulty in distinguishing between epileptic seizures and tetany (muscular contractions from hypocalcemia) in patients with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, a genetic disorder affecting bone development and hormone responsiveness. The report illustrates how similar clinical presentations require careful diagnostic evaluation to differentiate between neurological and metabolic causes of seizure-like symptoms.
This study examined 127 adults with epilepsy to investigate the relationship between stigma, social alienation, and quality of life using validated assessment scales and rigorous statistical methods. Results indicate positive correlations between stigma and quality of life outcomes, contributing to understanding of psychosocial factors affecting epilepsy management.
A study of 45 neurology residents evaluated whether 15 minutes of training on clinical signs of functional/dissociative seizures (FDS) would improve their ability to differentiate FDS from epileptic seizures using video recordings. After training, diagnostic accuracy improved significantly from 77% to 89%, suggesting brief educational intervention on semiological features can effectively enhance clinical recognition of functional seizures.
This systematic review evaluates AI-based tools for interpreting clinical data in pediatric epilepsy, finding that convolutional neural networks and support vector machines achieve diagnostic accuracy exceeding 90% for EEG analysis and seizure detection. While results are promising, the authors note that current validation is limited by small cohort sizes and emphasize the need for large-scale, multicenter studies before clinical implementation.
A retrospective analysis of 167 children presenting to a pediatric emergency department with first non-febrile convulsive seizures, categorizing cases as epileptic seizures (59.3%), non-epileptic paroxysmal events (38.3%), or acute symptomatic seizures (2.4%). The study evaluated clinical examination findings and semiological features to develop a practical management algorithm for distinguishing seizure types in pediatric emergency settings.
The paper critiques the traditional requirement of ≥4 seizures per month for epilepsy trial enrollment, noting this threshold excludes many patients as improved treatments have reduced baseline seizure burden. The authors propose alternative time-to-event trial designs that enable broader patient inclusion while maintaining rigor, alongside integration of cognitive outcome measures alongside seizure control assessments.
This study uses brain organoid models to investigate how gain-of-function and loss-of-function SCN2A mutations affect response to anti-seizure medications, potentially enabling personalized treatment approaches for epilepsy patients. The research applies modern neurodevelopmental modeling techniques to understand drug responsiveness at the cellular level.
This registry-linked study of 144 Swedish patients with surgically treated ganglioglioma examined anti-seizure medication (ASM) discontinuation rates following surgery. Five years post-surgery, 36% of adults and 59% of children had discontinued ASMs, with no significant difference between those treated in specialized epilepsy surgery programs versus other surgical settings.
This study presents a hybrid deep learning framework combining time-frequency functional brain networks with CNN and Transformer modules to improve epilepsy seizure detection in elderly patients from EEG signals. The method uses Pearson correlation and phase lag index to construct brain networks that capture synchronous neural interactions, converting complex EEG data into clinically useful features for automated seizure detection.
This prospective study of 438 children referred with epilepsy diagnoses found that 12.1% were actually misdiagnosed, with migraine, functional seizures, and movement disorders being the true conditions. Age ≥10 years and urban residency were identified as independent predictors of misdiagnosis, highlighting the importance of expert diagnostic validation in pediatric neurology.
This paper presents ASGPF, a self-supervised learning framework that uses graph neural networks and gated recurrent units to classify epileptic seizures from EEG signals with improved accuracy even with limited labeled data. The method achieved weighted F1-scores of 83.8% on four-class and 73.5% on eight-class seizure classification tasks on the TUSZ dataset, demonstrating robustness to data scarcity.
A two-center retrospective study evaluated cenobamate as adjunctive therapy in 65 children (median age 11.5 years) with focal drug-resistant epilepsy, finding that 75% improved with treatment and 44.6% achieved >50% seizure reduction. Adverse events occurred in over half of participants, though the abstract was truncated before complete safety details.
This study evaluated the clinical utility of video-EEG monitoring admissions that failed to capture diagnostic events, following 64 patients across four referral groups (spell clarification, event differentiation, diagnosis reassessment, and seizure classification). Non-diagnostic EMU admissions still provided clinical value, leading to diagnosis confirmation in some patients, withdrawal of incorrect epilepsy diagnoses, and guided antiseizure medication adjustments during follow-up.
This study analyzed 32-channel EEG recordings from 66 children with generalized seizures (ages 2-15) and 66 healthy controls, extracting quantitative spectral features using Fast Fourier Transform to identify EEG biomarkers. Results showed significantly higher alpha power and lower beta power in seizure cases with notable cortical asymmetries, particularly in temporal regions.