Atenție, impulsivitate și hiperactivitate.
396 de articoleThis study applies machine learning techniques (isolation forest and RNN models) to detect and predict anomalies in motor activity patterns from individuals with ADHD using the HYPERAKTIV dataset. The RNN achieved high predictive accuracy (0.953) and shows promise for identifying objective movement-related ADHD signatures to support personalized interventions and clinical decision-making.
This study compared social understanding and friendship quality in 192 Greek primary school children with ADHD, dyslexia, or typical development, using standardized theory of mind tasks and empathy measures. Children with ADHD showed significantly lower performance on friendship quality, empathy, and advanced theory of mind compared to dyslexic and typically developing peers.
This commentary examines potential causal relationships between screen time exposure and childhood ADHD diagnosis using Mendelian randomization, a genetic epidemiology method. The study uses genetic variation as instrumental variables to help distinguish correlation from causation in the screen time-ADHD association.
This study compared the effectiveness of online versus in-person behavioural parent training programs for parents of children with ADHD, recruiting 90 parents who chose their preferred format. Both groups were assessed at one month and three months post-training on their implementation of parenting strategies and child psychopathological symptoms, with parental ADHD symptom levels also examined.
A case study of a young child with tetralogy of Fallot, autism spectrum disorder, and subsequently diagnosed ADHD-combined type, highlighting developmental vulnerabilities in children with critical congenital heart disease. Management involved collaborative care between cardiology and developmental specialists, utilizing medication alongside behavioral therapy and applied behavior analysis with positive outcomes.
This study examined associations between sleep disturbances and behavioral problems in 212 children with ADHD compared to matched controls using actigraphy and parental sleep reports. Results showed that parent-reported sleep difficulties but not objective actigraphy measures were significantly associated with behavioral and emotional problems in children with ADHD.
This scoping review protocol systematically examines evidence for the potential harms and benefits of psychostimulant medications in patients with both ADHD and schizophrenia, where clinical guidance is currently limited and concerns exist about safety. The review will synthesize literature from major medical databases using established methodology to identify the current evidence base and research gaps in this understudied population.
This study compared vestibular and balance function in university students at high versus low risk for ADHD and cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) using standardized assessments and vestibular tests. Results showed differential vestibular involvement between the two conditions, supporting their distinction as separate clinical entities rather than similar diagnoses.
This double-blind RCT examined whether synbiotic supplementation enriched with pigmented corn extract improves behaviour, cognition, and brain function in 41 untreated children with ADHD over 3 months. The study found no significant differences between the enriched synbiotic and standard synbiotic groups across primary outcomes (fatty acids), microbiota composition, behavioral ratings, or neurophysiological markers.
This meta-analysis of 70 studies (n=8,548) found that children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) exhibited significantly more severe ADHD symptoms than unaffected peers, with notably elevated inattentive symptoms (g=1.20). The analysis included parent/caregiver and teacher reports using established assessment methods, providing robust evidence for increased ADHD symptomatology as a comorbidity in NF1.
This Swedish population study of nearly 1 million individuals examined how maternal genetic effects influence offspring ADHD risk beyond direct inheritance, estimating 66% direct genetic effect and 14% maternal genetic nurture effect. The research demonstrates that maternal phenotype and genotype-influenced parenting contribute substantially to ADHD risk in children, with evidence of assortative mating among individuals with ADHD.
This study examined how ADHD severity, parental digital awareness, and psychiatric symptoms influence problematic media use in 95 children with ADHD versus 90 controls, finding that ADHD group used significantly more screen time (183 vs 117 minutes daily) with higher problematic use scores. Key risk factors included ADHD severity, somatic complaints, maternal negative media modeling, and inadequate parental media monitoring, together explaining 52% of variance in problematic media use.
This systematic review protocol examines the effects of physical activity on quality of life, executive functions, and ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with ADHD. The review aims to address methodological limitations in previous research by including only randomized controlled trials and establishing consistent criteria for physical activity frequency and intensity.
This study examines the long-term relationship between childhood ADHD diagnosis and cognitive performance in adulthood using Health and Retirement Study data. The research investigates how early ADHD symptoms correlate with later-life cognitive function across a population-based sample.
This study examined cognitive profiles across ADHD subtypes in 772 Chinese children aged 6-12 using standardized intelligence testing, finding no significant differences in full IQ between ADHD subtypes but identifying sex and age-related variations in specific cognitive domains. Results provide cross-cultural perspective on ADHD cognitive characteristics to inform clinical assessment and diagnosis.
This clinical review examines the overlapping yet distinct repetitive behaviors in Tourette syndrome, OCD, and autism spectrum disorder, analyzing their clinical presentations, neuroimaging findings, genetics, and treatment responses. The authors propose that tics, compulsions, and stereotypies exist along an impulsive-compulsive spectrum, with some cases suggesting TS and OCD may share common neurobiological underpinnings.
Adolescents with ASD face elevated suicide risk due to social, emotional, and sensory difficulties. The abstract proposes combining cognitive-behavioral therapy with sensory regulation strategies as a comprehensive approach to reduce suicidal ideation and enhance mental health outcomes in this population.
This scoping review examines the underrepresentation of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) research in pediatric neurology journals, finding that only 3.3% of articles addressed FASD compared to 58.4% on autism and 38.4% on ADHD. The study highlights a potential diagnostic gap, suggesting FASD may be overlooked in clinical practice despite its significant prevalence among school-age children.