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ADHD

Atenție, impulsivitate și hiperactivitate.

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StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Practice Patterns and Barriers in Assessing and Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children With Down Syndrome

This study surveyed clinicians across specialties to identify barriers in diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in individuals with Down syndrome, where dual diagnosis (DS+ASD) occurs in 16-18% of cases but is often delayed. Results show most clinicians recognize that ASD diagnosis significantly impacts management, but challenges include limited access to specialized diagnostic evaluations and communication/behavioral difficulties that complicate assessment.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Prevalence of Epilepsy and Young-Onset Dementia in Adults with Intellectual Disability: Contrasting Down Syndrome and Autism Diagnoses

This large-scale cross-sectional study analyzed Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data from over 847,000 adults with intellectual disability (ages 30-64) and compared them to over 1 million general population controls to examine prevalence of epilepsy and young-onset Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Results showed significantly higher prevalence of both conditions and their comorbidity in the ID population, with autism spectrum disorder associated with greatest epilepsy risk and Down syndrome with greatest dementia risk.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Alterations of gut microbiota in Down syndrome and their association with Alzheimer's disease

This study examined fecal microbiota composition and plasma Alzheimer's biomarkers in 58 adults with Down syndrome compared to controls, finding that DS individuals show reduced abundance of beneficial Roseburia bacteria and altered microbial profiles resembling those in Alzheimer's patients. The findings suggest a potential link between microbiota changes and cognitive decline in Down syndrome, contributing to understanding of why people with DS have higher Alzheimer's risk.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Comparative Analysis of Developmental Disability Definitions and Their Policy Outcomes

This cross-sectional study examines how four different definitions of developmental disability produce varying population estimates and service utilization patterns using US national survey data and residential facility records. Understanding these definitional differences is essential for accurate prevalence estimation and effective policy analysis in planning developmental disability services.

StudiuADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Comparative Evaluation of ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek for ADHD-Related Health Information

This study systematically compared how three large language models (ChatGPT GPT-4o, Gemini, and DeepSeek R1) respond to 22 commonly asked ADHD questions across four domains, finding all models achieved high accuracy (87-91%) as independently verified by psychiatry specialists. Reproducibility was strong across models, with ChatGPT showing slightly superior performance in treatment domains while Gemini and DeepSeek excelled in basic knowledge and diagnosis.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Nomophobia in Mothers of Children with ADHD: Associations with Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms

This study examined relationships between nomophobia (fear of being without a mobile phone), anxiety, and depression in 89 mothers, comparing 41 mothers of children with ADHD to 48 control mothers. Results showed mothers of children with ADHD reported higher nomophobia, anxiety, and depression scores, with significant positive correlations between nomophobia and both anxiety and depression symptoms in the ADHD group.

StudiuADHDÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Foveal Crowding and Segmentation Effects in Adults with ADHD

This study compared visual perception in 45 adults (22 with ADHD, 23 controls) using a computerized task measuring ability to identify target letters amid flanking distractors. Adults with ADHD showed significantly stronger foveal crowding effects and slower response times, suggesting reduced capacity to filter irrelevant visual information; segmentation cues improved performance in both groups.

StudiuADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Global burden of ADHD in children and adolescents (1990-2021): incidence, prevalence, and disability estimates across 204 countries

A comprehensive analysis of ADHD epidemiology in individuals under 20 using 2021 Global Burden of Disease data found 46.9 million prevalent cases and 4.1 million incident cases globally in 2021, with a global prevalence of 1.78% and notable regional variations. Prevalence decreased modestly from 1990-2021, was higher in males than females, and correlated with higher sociodemographic development.

StudiuADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Clinical and Cognitive Mediators of Depression in ADHD: A Developmental Study

This longitudinal study examined how clinical factors (irritability, anxiety), cognitive processes (emotion recognition, working memory), and negative thought patterns mediate the relationship between ADHD and subsequent depression across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood using two large cohorts. Clinical mediators were most influential in childhood and young adulthood, while negative thought patterns played a larger role in adolescence, with combined mediators explaining 29-48% of the ADHD-depression effect.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Inflammatory cytokine alterations in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

This network meta-analysis of 74 studies examined inflammatory markers across ASD, ADHD, and healthy controls, involving over 10,000 participants. Results identified distinct immune dysregulation patterns, with ASD showing elevated CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and BDNF, while ADHD showed lower TNF-α, IL-2, and MCP-1 compared to controls.

StudiuADHDÎncredere bună19.06.2026

Use of 'Record and Read' for Medical Students and Physicians with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework

This article addresses underrecognized ADHD in medical professionals and proposes 'Record and Read' (R&R), a self-implemented strategy combining auditory reinforcement and the production effect to support reading comprehension and retention of scientific literature. The approach builds on prior work introducing video-based learning aids designed to accommodate attention challenges in physicians and trainees with ADHD.

StudiuADHDÎncredere înaltă19.06.2026

Developmental Changes in Aperiodic EEG Activity and Default Mode Network Function in ADHD

This study examined EEG aperiodic components and brain network connectivity in 110 medication-naive children with ADHD versus 100 typically developing peers aged 6-14 years. Results showed ADHD involves atypical age-related developmental changes in neural activity, with younger children displaying focal frontal abnormalities linked to inattention and hyperactivity, while adolescents exhibit broader network dysregulation in default mode pathways.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Quality of Life Among Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross Sectional Study

This cross-sectional study examined quality of life outcomes in 931 caregivers of children with ASD, ADHD, or both conditions, using the PedsQL Family Impact Module. Caregivers of children with ADHD-only reported lower stress and better communication outcomes, while those caring for children with both conditions experienced greater decision-making difficulties and other psychosocial challenges.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Comorbidity of Autism Spectrum and ADHD Symptoms and Their Associations with 1-Year Mental Health Outcomes in Hong Kong Adolescents and Young Adults

A longitudinal study of 2,186 Hong Kong adolescents and young adults examined the prevalence and mental health outcomes of ASD, ADHD, and comorbid presentations, finding that comorbidity was associated with psychotic-like experiences while ASD alone correlated with poorer functioning and ADHD alone with higher depression/anxiety. Specific symptom profiles (attention switching difficulties, sensory sensitivities, working memory issues) predicted different mental health outcomes at 1-year follow-up.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere înaltă18.06.2026

Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Sleep problems are highly prevalent in both ASD and ADHD, and can exacerbate core symptoms while increasing parental stress, necessitating proper assessment and treatment. This literature review examines the burden, pathophysiology, etiology, and evidence-based evaluation and management strategies for sleep disorders across both conditions.

StudiuAutism + ADHDÎncredere bună18.06.2026

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Depression or ADHD

This cross-sectional study compared oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 141 patients with depression or ADHD against 145 healthy controls using validated assessment tools. Patients with depression and ADHD showed significantly reduced OHRQoL scores and complex relationships between oral hygiene behaviors and health outcomes.