Repetitive but Not Interchangeable: Similarities and Differences in Repetitive Behaviors Across Tourette Syndrome, OCD, Tourettic OCD, and Autism Spectrum Disorder

This clinical review examines the overlapping yet distinct repetitive behaviors in Tourette syndrome, OCD, and autism spectrum disorder, analyzing their clinical presentations, neuroimaging findings, genetics, and treatment responses. The authors propose that tics, compulsions, and stereotypies exist along an impulsive-compulsive spectrum, with some cases suggesting TS and OCD may share common neurobiological underpinnings.