Associations between autism, gender dysphoria and gender incongruence: insights from the Swedish Gender Dysphoria Study

This Swedish population-based study found that individuals with gender dysphoria have significantly higher prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (7.8 times higher) and elevated autistic traits compared to cisgender controls, across both birth-assigned sexes. No significant association was found between autism diagnosis and self-reported levels of gender incongruence among those with gender dysphoria.