Grunya Efimovna Sukhareva's Pioneering Work in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Hundred-Year Historical Review

This article examines the contributions of Russian psychiatrist Grunya Efimovna Sukhareva, who documented cases of autism spectrum disorder in 1925—nearly two decades before Kanner and Asperger's widely-credited descriptions. Sukhareva's early clinical observations, including recognition of sex-related differences in autistic features, remained largely unknown in Western science and the article explores reasons for this historical omission.