Comprehensive volumetric brain phenotyping in neonates with Down syndrome

This neuroimaging study compared brain tissue volumes in 25 neonates with Down syndrome to 493 control neonates, identifying characteristic structural differences including reduced whole brain and cerebellar volumes, altered regional lobe proportions, enlarged deep gray matter structures, and ventricular enlargement. Early detection of these volumetric phenotypes may inform personalized intervention strategies to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with Down syndrome.