Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Down Syndrome vs. Non-Down Syndrome Populations: Clinical and Hemodynamic Differences

This retrospective study of 93 adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) compared 18 Down syndrome patients with 75 non-DS patients with congenital heart disease, examining pathophysiology and treatment outcomes. Down syndrome patients presented with PAH at younger ages (mean 25 years), had higher hypothyroidism prevalence, lower mean arterial pressure, and paradoxically demonstrated better survival outcomes than non-DS patients.