Body Weight Variability and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This meta-analysis of 16 cohort studies found that high body weight fluctuation is associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia, with hazard ratios ranging from 1.33 to 1.40 compared to stable weight. No significant association was found between weight variability and general cognitive decline, and evidence certainty was assessed using rigorous GRADE methodology.