H1N1-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a child with Down syndrome: A clinical challenge

A 1.8-month-old infant with Down syndrome presented with H1N1 influenza-triggered hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a rare hyperinflammatory syndrome. The child was successfully treated with standard immunosuppressive therapy (dexamethasone and etoposide) combined with antiviral therapy, achieving clinical remission without complications or neurological sequelae.