Functional and Microstructural Biomarkers of Repetitive Mild Head Injury in Conscious Mice

This study developed the first conscious mouse model of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury using momentum exchange, avoiding confounds of anesthesia and skull fracture. Repetitive impacts induced lasting cerebrovascular dysfunction, reduced brain connectivity, white matter changes, and glial activation detectable 10 days post-injury, validating the model for studying rmTBI mechanisms.