Particulate matter-bound metals and chlorinated paraffins co-exposure: A population-based study on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese youth

This population-based study of over 122,000 Chinese youth investigated whether combined exposure to heavy metals and chlorinated paraffins in air pollution is associated with ADHD symptoms, using advanced statistical modeling to assess individual and joint effects. Results indicated significant positive associations between metal and chlorinated paraffin exposure and ADHD symptoms, with synergistic effects observed between certain metal-pollutant pairs.