Advanced diffusion MRI tract signatures in Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and the FTD/PPA spectrum

This review examines diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) findings across multiple dementia types, including Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, and primary progressive aphasia, identifying both shared and disease-specific patterns of white matter degeneration. Advanced dMRI methods such as NODDI and free-water imaging reveal microstructural alterations in specific brain tracts that correlate with each syndrome's clinical features and may improve early diagnosis and disease monitoring.