Development and Validation of STEPS-IDD: A Screening Tool for Excessive and Problematic Internet and Digital Device Use Based on ICD-11 Framework

This study presents the development and validation of STEPS-IDD, a comprehensive screening tool designed to assess multiple addictive behaviors related to internet and digital device use according to WHO ICD-11 criteria, including gaming, gambling, social media, online shopping, and pornography use. The instrument underwent rigorous psychometric validation including face validity through expert review, construct validity via exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency assessment, establishing it as a standardized tool for clinical and research use.