Transcriptomic and proteomic evidence for noncanonical hydrogen sulfide metabolism and immune dysregulation in Down Syndrome

This study examined gene expression and protein profiles in Down syndrome individuals to investigate immune cell dysfunction, revealing elevated SOD1 expression associated with inflammatory conditions and pro-inflammatory immune markers. Findings suggest hydrogen sulfide overproduction in Down syndrome occurs through a thioredoxin-dependent cysteine catabolism pathway rather than the previously assumed CBS pathway.