Early metabolic and hepatic alterations in children with Down syndrome: risks beyond BMI

This study of 95 children (48 with Down syndrome, 47 controls) found that children with Down syndrome show normal BMI but have increased central obesity, insulin resistance, unfavorable lipid profiles, and elevated liver enzymes compared to peers. Waist-to-height ratio, glycemic markers, and liver function tests were identified as stronger indicators of cardiometabolic risk than BMI alone in this population.